THE JAINS. £>47 



and other princes (nine Chblarus and nine Ballbls"^) 

 governed the dominions of Hindustan, to the time 

 of BujalraVa, who ruled witii renown in tlie city 

 o\^ Calyana. Afterward, the Dacshin of Hindustan 

 was conquered hythe Suhdapraman.s]', or those who 

 receive and admit the authority of the Vcdas. Next, 

 the kingdom was ruled by Prata'p-Rudra, Raja of 

 V<)raug<ill ; and, after his death, ])y the kings of 

 Bijai/nagar, called Rayil ; till the time of Crisiin'a- 

 JIa'ya and Ra'ma-Ra'ya ; from which period, the 

 Dacshin fell under different Musulman ii-overnments. 



a' 



The Jains are divided into four classes or casts, 

 in like manner as the followers of the Vedas, viz. 

 Brahmens, Cshatrisy Vaisyas, iUnd ^Sudras ; the B?'a/i^ 

 mens are the priests, or ministers of religion, for the 

 other three casts ; their duty is to study the Purd- 

 nas and Sdstras, but they have no Vcdas. However, 

 they have the A'gama ^Sdstra, treating of prayers and 

 other religious duties. They worship the fire, in the 

 ceremony of marriage, and in that of initiation Cf//jfi- 

 nayana) \. The Jains observe the time of mourning 

 for their deceased relations, according to their casts, 

 as follows : an ascetic or Yati should mourn for the 

 death of his relations one minute ; Brdhmais are to 

 mourn ten days ; Cshatris, five ; Vais'yas, twelve ; 

 Sudras, fifteen. Their lower or inferior cast consists 

 of the Pariyas or Clidnddlas. 



There are four orders of priests among the Jains^ 

 as among Hindus in general, 1 BraJwiachcnn or stu- 

 dent, 2 Gnhasfha or householder, .3 Vanaparasta or 

 hermit, 4 Bhicshuca or mendicant. 



* The Ballols or Balharas, as Sovereigns or Emperors of India, 

 are mentioned in the relation of two Mahomuiedan travellers trans- 

 lated by Renaudot. C. M. 



t So the Jains affect to call the followers of the Vedas, as believing 

 on hearsay, what they cannot know, or demonstrate to be true, from 

 the evidence of their senses. C. M. 



X This must arise from eraploying, at those ceremonies. Brahman* 



R 4 



