254 ACCOUNT OF 



But a bad man, who leads an evil course of life, in 

 contradiction to their sacred laws, departs at his end 

 to hell, or Naraca. 



The Jains of this country never follow any other 

 trade than merchandise. They wear a cloth round 

 the loins, a turband on the head, and a jacket to 

 cover the body ; and put a mark with sandal powder 

 on the middle of their foreheads : some have a small 

 circlet with red powder, in the centre of the sandal 

 mar);, by way of further decoration. 



The following is the formula used by the Jains of 

 the Carndt'ac, on beginning* to perform their cere- 

 monies. 



" Now in the holy religion of \1(U-Brahman, of 

 the philosopher who was created by the supreme 

 power of God; and in the centre of the three worlds, 

 in the central world, and in the island of Jariibiidwipa^ 

 (in which appears the renowed Jambu tree ;) south- 

 ward of the great mountain of Mahd-MtrUy in the 

 land of Bharat, on the good soil of the renowned 

 division of Carndt'aca-Desa, in the village or town of 



— , and in the part or quarter of the present 



age of Cali-yuga ; and it being now within the fifth 

 division of time ; according to the Saca of Rdjd Vi- 

 cramdrca, (as accepted by many great and excellent 

 people, who observe the gracious laws), and in the 

 present year of 'Sa'liva'hana, and in the present 



year of the cycle month of fortnight 



of and on this holy day, (including also 



weeks, stars, signs, hours, and minutes,) I now be- 

 ffin this," &c. &c. &c. 



^ 



The preliminary form of addressing letters by the 

 Jains, to one another, is as follows, viz. 



'' To him, who possesses all good qualities, who 

 |)erforms all charities (or bestows alms), according to 



