THE JAINS, , 321 



vaft mountain) into eaft and weft VidSJia, These 

 three regions, Bharaia^ ^'udvafa, and Vidclia, are in- 

 habited by men who practise religious duties. They 

 are denominated Carmachumi, and appear to be fur- 

 nished with distincts sets of Tirthancaras or saints en" 

 titled Jina. The intermediate regions, north and south 

 of Meru, are bounded by four chains of mountains ; 

 and intersected by two others : in such a manner, that 

 the ranges of mountains, and the intermediate valhes, 



increase in breadth progressively. Thus Himavat is 



y j2 

 twice as broad as Bharata varsha (or 1052 i"^) ; The 



valley beyond it is double its breadth (2105 i";) ; the 



y lo 



mountain Mah/ihimavat, is twice as much (4210 r^) ' 



1 • y 1 



Its valley is again double (8421 i"^) ; and the mountain 



y 2 

 Nishad'ha has twice that breadth (16842 ,"^). The val- 



lies between these mountains, and between similar 



ranges reckoned from Airdvata (viz. Sic hart, Hacmi^ 



and Nilaji are inhabited by giants (Yii^aJc}), and are 



denominated Bhogahlmmu From either extremity of 



the two ranges of mountains named Himarat anct 



Sic hart f a paif of tusks project over the sea; each dii- 



yided into seven countries denominated Autara-divipas, 



There are consequently fifty-six such; which are called 



Cuhhogakhiimi, being the abode of evil doers. None 



o^ these regions suffer a periodical destruction ; except 



Bharata and Alvdvata^ which are depopulated, and 



again peopled, at the close of the great periods befors- 



mentioiied. 



We come now to the immediate purpose, for which 

 these notions of the Jahius have been here exolained. 

 They conceive the st"tting and rising of stars and pla- 

 nets to be caused by the mountain SuKwni : and sup- 

 pose three times the period of a planet's appearance to 

 be requisite t'or it to pass round Sumeru, and return to 

 the place whence it emerges. Accordingly they allai 



Vol, IX. Y 



