356 «K THE INDIAN, &;C* 



sage in the Brahmesidd'hanta, and verified it by the 

 gloss entitled Vasand ; and I, therefore, use the quota- 

 tion without distrust. Later authorities, whose state- 

 ments coincide exactly with some of the preceding (as. 

 Camala'cara in the Taiwa^checa) would be need- 

 lessly inserted : but one (Mun'isw ara in the Suid'hanta 

 sdfvabhaiima), exhibiting the position of the stars 

 differently, is quoted in the annexed table. 



The manner of observing the places of the stars is 

 not explained in the original works first cited. Thq 

 Suryasidifhdnla only hints briefly, that ' they astrono- 

 mer should frame a sphere, and examine the apparent 

 longitude and latitude *.' Commentators -{-, remarking 

 on this passage, describe the manner of the observation : 

 and the same description occurs, with little variation, 

 in commentaries on the ^Siromani J. They direct a 

 spherical instrument (Golay antra) to, be constructed, 

 according to instructions contained in a subsequent part 

 of the text. This, as will be hereafter shewn, is pre- 

 cisely an armillary sphere. An additional circle gradu- 

 ated for degrees and minutes, is directed ta be suspended 

 on the pins of the axis as pivots. It is named Ved'ha- 

 •valayaoT intersecting circle, and appears to be a circle 

 of declination. After noticing this addition to the in- 

 strument, the instructions proceed to the rectifying of 

 the Golay ajitra or armillary sphere, which is to be 

 placed, so that the axis shall point to the pole, and the 

 horizon be true by a water level. 



The instrument being thus placed, the observer is 

 instructed to look at the star AVxv;// through a sight 

 fitted to an orifice at the centre of the sphere ; and 



♦ Sphutavi(shcf a and Sf /luidci/iruvaca ; which 'wiU be cxplaiueci 

 further on. 



f Rangakat'ha and Phup'hara. 



J In the Voiamhhi'ishya and in the Marichi. 



