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1896] CYSTOCARP OF GRIFFITHSIA 37 
nections is largely due whatever of value the paper may 
contain. 
The material used in these investigations had been fixed and 
preserved in a 2 per cent. solution of formalin in sea water. 
When needed for study, it was stained for an hour inal per 
cent aqueous solution of acid fuchsin, then washed in fresh 
water, which was gradually replaced by glycerin, used as the 
mounting medium. In such preparations it was usually possible 
to detect the strand of protoplasm passing from a cell to its 
daughter cell, even though the two were somewhat separated. 
In some cases, when the connection had been completely broken 
by accident after mounting, the origin of a cell could be deter- 
mined by the corresponding portions still projecting from it and 
from its mother cell. All the important conclusions given in 
this paper, however, are based upon connections still intact. 
The thallus’ is normally branched dichotomously, and the 
fruiting branch forms one arm of a dichotomy, arising from the 
apex of a joint in the upper portion of the shoot. As the cor- 
responding vegetative joint soon exceeds it in size and gives off 
at its apex, in turn, a fruiting and a vegetative branch, the latter 
often continuing the process, a series of apparently lateral cysto- 
carps is thus formed. No uniformity in the relative positions of 
vegetative and fruiting branches was observed, the cystocarp 
being in some cases on opposite sides of the corresponding vege- 
tative cell in succeeding joints, sometimes on the same side. 
After one fruiting branch has arisen, one usually occurs at 
each succeeding joint, but two or three sterile joints were some- 
times found intervening, without branching. No case was 
observed in which, after the production of a fruiting branch, 
further branching resulted in only vegetative joints. 
Although the normal branching is dichotomous, cases of 
trichotomy were observed several times, either three sterile joints 
arising from the apex of one joint, or a fruiting branch accom- 
panied by two sterile branches. 
Judging from the preparations studied, the mother cell of the 
fruiting branch is cut off before the corresponding vegetative 
