1896 | FLOWERS AND INSECTS 159 
der Blumen 152. 1873—A. Frangula. (4) Kerner, Die Schutzmittel des 
Pollens 56. 1873. (5) Delpino, Ulteriori osservazioni, pt. II, fasc. 2:20, 
214, 300, 316, Att. Soc. Ital. Sci. Nat., Milano 16:168. 1873; 17:——. 1874 
—R. cathartica, Frangula, alterna (Just 2:895). (6) Lubbock, British wild 
flowers in relation to insects 79. 1875—R. cathartica, Frangula, lanceolata, 
(7) Darwin, Forms of flowers, 273-7. 1877—R. cathartica, lanceolata, Fran- 
gula, (8) Bonnier, Les Nectaires, Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot. 8:39. 1878. 2&. 
Frangula, alpina, inconspicuous flowers abundantly visited. (9) Dodel-Port, 
Die Liebe der Blumen 4-5:185—240. 1880—-2. cathartica (Just 8': 183). 
(10) Miller, Weitere Beobachtungen, II, Verh. naturhist. Ver. preuss. Rheinl, 
a Westl, 212, 1879-— 2. Frangula, (11) Miiller, Alpenblumen 169-71. 
1881—R. pumila. (12) Miiller, Geschichte der Erklarungsversuche in Bezug 
(Just 9':506). (13) Miiller, Die biologische Bedeutung der Blumenfarben, 
Biol. Centralblatt 3:99, Ap. 1883. (14) Miiller, Die Stellung der Honig- 
biene in der Blumenwelt, III, Deutsche Bienenzeit. 39:157-61. 1883—R. 
pumila, Apis wanting. (15) Miller, Fertilization of flowers, 163-4. 1883— 
R. Frangula, cathartica, lanceolata, pumila. (16) Kirchner, Flora von Stutt- 
gart und Umgebung, 363-4. 1888—R. Frangula, cathartica. (17) Schulz, 
Beitrage zur Kenntniss der Bestaiubungseinrichtungen und Geschlechts- 
Vlaandern, Bot. Jaarbock. 6:247—9, 438, 1894—-R. Frangula, cathartica. 
(21) Loew, Bliitenbiologische Floristik 36: 215. 1894— 2. pumila, Frangula, 
cathartica, saxatilis. f 
Ruus L.— The species are said to be polygamous or polyg- 
amo-dicecious. It might be better to call them dicecious, 
though of a recent form, for the staminate and pistillate flow- 
ers have large rudiments of pistils and stamens, and there is a 
tendency for them to revert to the perfect condition. Miller 
(4, 14) and Kerner (16) mention R. Cotinus as polygamous; but 
oR Halle and in South Tyrol Schulz (15) found it to be dice- 
“ous, though it appears (Loew? 20) that in the former locality 
he afterwards found polygamous examples. In the manual &. 
Yphina is called polygamous, while Miiller calls it diaecious. 
1 ee on , é 
thie's In the Floristik, unfortunately, Loew mentions an author without citing any of 
“parate papers listed under that author's name. = 
