1896 | CERTAIN PYRENOMYCETOUS FUNGI 325 
these nuclei there may be seen a linin network of very fine 
threads within the hyaline court (jigs. goand gr). The first step 
toward division is the elongation of the court. The nucleus 
then becomes eccentric and the chromatin collects in masses on 
the threads. Then the network disappears. In the next stage 
that could be found the chromosomes had evidently divided and 
were arranged in two groups at some distance apart (figs. go to 
#2.) No centrosomes or spindle figure could be certainly distin- 
guished, though inone or two cases something very like a spindle 
figure was faintly visible. Many of the intermediate stages are 
wanting. What becomes of the nucleolus cannot be certainly 
stated, but enough of the steps have been observed to warrant 
the conclusion that there is here a karyokinetic division, the 
more minute details of which might be detected by higher mag- 
nification. The stages found are illustrated in fig. go, nos. I-4. 
HYPOCOPRA. 
As Teichosporella served to confirm the observations made 
on Teichospora, so Hypocopra served as a check upon Cerat- 
stoma. The species studied was obtained from dung and 
‘cparated by transferring with a sterilized needle first to dung 
infusions and then to bean stems, where it grew and fruited 
abundantly, From the bean it adapted itself readily to different 
media. The germination of the spores (fig. 42) was studied by 
Piel) small quantities of the agar in which they grew to 
s 
a ‘ndospore. The protoplasm exudes through a tiny pore at 
divis; spore and pushes out into a germ tube. The 
on and growth of the nuclei takes place with startling 
ST Before the germ tube attains half the length of the 
Jere; ftom four to eight nuclei have appeared. The colonies 
. a Srown in agar are characterized by the appearance 
"as rst perithecia in a definite ring at a short radius from the 
to es pe colony. The sexual organs are essentially similar 
ese of Ceratostoma. Some of the more typical forms are 
