42 NEW-YORK FAUNA. 
Var. b, lagopus. White, with patches of blackish grey ; ears pointed, erect; foot broad and 
hairy; tail bushy. 
Var. c, terra-nova. (Newfoundland Dog.) Head broad; nose blunt; ears long, soft and 
pendulous. Of this there appears to be two distinct races : One has the breast, posterior 
part of the thighs and tail with long waved hair, the rest of the body with smooth and 
compressed hair; the other variety is entirely covered with long waved silken hair. 
Var. d, canadensis. Black and grey, mixed with white ; ears erect, long, shaggy. 
Var. e, nova-caledonia. Spotted; body long; legs short, straight; ears erect. 
The most conspicuous among the imported varieties are, the danicus, or Spotted Carriage 
Dog ; graius, or Greyhound, of which there are several races ; extrarius, or Spaniel; aqua- 
ticus, or Curly Poodle ; avicularius, or Pointer ; molossus, or Bulldog ; sagax, or Hound, &c. 
In this State, our hunting dogs are almost exclusively derived from England. The breed 
used for deer is the Fox-hound, and frequently a mixed breed between the Harrier and Stag- 
hound. 
GENUS LUPUS. 
Eyes oblique. Tail straight.. Pupil of the eye circular. 
THE COMMON AMERICAN WOLF. 
Lupus occidentalis. 
PLATE XXVir. FIG 2. 
Canis lupus. Harlan, Fauna, p. 81. 
The Common Wolf. Godman, Am. Nat. Hist. Vol. 1, p. 255, fig. 1. 
C. (Lupus) occidentalis. Richardson, F. B. A. Vol. 1, p. 60. 
C. lupus. Emmons, Mass. Report, 1838, p. 26; 1840, p. 28. 
Characteristics. Color various from white to black, usually greyish. Space between the ears 
greater than their height. Feet broad. Neck and tail with bushy hair. 
Description. Compared with the European species, the body is more robust, and the legs 
shorter ; the muzzle thicker and more obtuse. Ears erect and conical. 
Color. In this State, the prevailing color is dark grey, mixed with reddish; darker along 
the back ; shorter in summer. Frequently whitish about the ears, throat and breast. Exterior 
of the ears and legs with a reddish tinge. Anterior part of fore legs blackish. Tail varied 
with white, black and ferruginous. 
Length of head and body,_36 • 0 - 48 • 0. 
Tail,. 10-0- 12-0. 
Prof. Emmons gives the total length from a specimen in his possession, 60'3. 
