FAMILY ELEPHANTID.E. 
99 
M. jeffersonii. (Cuvier, Oss. Foss. Ed. tertia, p. 160. Cooper, Ann. Lyc. Vol. 3, p. 166; Am. Month 
Mag. Vol. 1, p. 157. — M. lagueatus. Harlan, Ac. Nat. Sc. Vol. 6, p. 269 ; Med. and Phys. Res 
p. 271, 319 et. seq.) About the size of an ox. The teeth, as far as they have been examined, seem 
to present some striking differences; and Dr. Harlan seems disposed to consider some of them as 
indicating the type of a new genus, which he terms Pleurodon. 
The remains of this animal have been found in Bigbone Cave, Tennessee ; at Bigbone Lick, Boone 
county, Kentucky ; in a cave in Greenbriar county, Virginia ; and at White Cave, Edmondson 
county, Kentucky. They have also been discovered in the banks of the Rio Brazos, a few miles 
above St. Felipe, Texas, associated with the bones of the Mastodon; and according to Martius and 
Spix, in a cave in Brazil. The fullest and best account of its osteology will be found in the work 
of Harlan, cited above. 
ORDER VI. UNGULATA. 
Comprises nwnerous herbivorous animals, exhibiting great variety in size and, structure, but 
all united by one common character, viz: The toes covered by a horny-case or hoof, which 
either embraces the toes separately, or the foot is enclosed in a single hoof. In some the 
muzzle is elongated into a cylindrical tube; in others, the head is furnished with simple 
or branched horns, which are sometimes only sexual distinctions. 
First Tribe. Pachydermata. 
Generally three sorts of teeth. Stomach simple or compound, but not adapted for rumination. 
No horns on the head. Many of the species extinct. 
FAMILY I. ELEPHANTIDJE. 
Toes concealed under the skin, their tips only distinct. Snout elongated into a long and 
flexible proboscis. The largest of terrestrial animals, and in the living state, found only 
in the Eastern Continent. It comprises the Elephant, Mastodon, Rhinoceros and Hippo¬ 
potamus, embracing at present eight living and twenty-one fossil species. 
GENUS ELEPHAS. Linneus. 
Upper incisors in the form of enormous tusks, slightly arched towards the tips, a vertical 
section presenting curvilinear lozenges. Molars four above and four beneath, composed of 
vertical laminae. With a long flexible proboscis. Five toes on all the feet. The skin of 
the living species thick, with scattering hairs. 
