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siiperioritv of the root stock from which this family is 

 derived. The extinct forms are P/iojntliecus and Dry- 

 oinlhecu!^. These ar<^ considered, by very good natu- 

 ralists, to be more man-like than any of the existing 

 Apes, as they should be if the above theory is the 

 correct one. 



The group known as the Primates is composed of 

 both branches of the Quadrumana, and Hominina. 

 There can be no doiil)t. although connecting forms 

 are as yet wanting, that the extinct pachydermatous 

 Quadrumana of the Eocene were the generalized 

 forms from which arose these three lines of develop- 

 ment. These pachyderms were neither true lemurs, 

 monkeys, apes, nor men. but were closely related to 

 extinct ungulates, carnivores, pro})oscidians, rodents, 

 and insectivores. They had the dental arches un- 

 broken by a diastema as in man, which was the case 

 with a large number of the Eocene Monodelphians. 



It has been no part of my purpose to give the char- 

 acters of the different groups in the anhnal kingdom. 

 My object has been to sliow how, by the simple method 

 of bichotomous branching, whorls of four great groups 

 are formed in succession around a main trunk of com- 

 prehensive forms, from the Protozoa up to the Dis- 

 coida, and that man arises in the axis of development 

 for the whole animal kingdom ; that he existed as the 

 flower exists in the seed, and that in the line of his 

 coming he lifted all below him and held them at a 

 higher level. As yet there is no proof that this cen- 

 tral stem Homimna budded from its base earlier than 

 the Quaternary period. If the great law of Progress 

 continued without interruption, Man arose at first on 



