SCOTCH RAIDS AND TAXATION OF NORTHERN ENGLAND 239 
condition of exhaustion prevailed throughout the remainder of the reign 
of Edward II, for in that period the three most northern counties are 
not credited with any contributions toward the national subsidies.* 
The effect of the forays of the Scots is also to be seen in the exemption 
from or the lowering of borough ferms,? in the deferring of the payments 
of county debts,3 in the exemption from purveyance and from attendance 
at Parliament,+ and also in the revaluation of ecclesiastical property 
in the north.5 
As the invasions penetrated farther into the country toward the south, 
those counties adjacent to those on the border began to feel the effects 
of the devastation of the bands of the Scots. The letters of the northern 
bishops and abbots complain of the burning of the goods on their manors, 
of the destruction of crops and of the killing of the laborers, so that their 
manors were ruined.® As a result of this destruction Lancashire did 
not contribute to the subsidy of 1315, but the injury could not have 
been very great for in 1316 the county paid £242 17s. 74d. to the fifteenth 
and sixteenth.? During the years 1318 and 1319 there was a continua- 
tion of the forays into Lancashire and Yorkshire, whole districts of 
these counties being laid waste. Lancashire paid only £81 18s. gid. 
to the eighteenth and twelfth of the year 1319, the roll noting in addition 
that nothing was received from the borough of Lancaster because of 
the destruction caused by divers raids of the Scots.? In the West Riding 
of Yorkshire some forty vills could pay nothing because they had been 
ravaged and burned by the Scots.2 The whole county paid to the same 
subsidy £2,207 14s. 4d. as against £3,867 10s. ro$d. in 1307, though 
tJ have examined carefully the enrolled accounts of Edward’s II reign in L. T. R. Enrolled Accounts, 
Subsidies, No. 14, passim. 
a Calendar Close Rolls, 1318-23, pp. 38, 39, 40, 53, 54, 157, 186; C.C.R., 1323-27, PP. 55, 71, 90. 
3 Calendar Close Rolls, 1318-23, pp. 190, 233, 200, 307, 460, 686; C. C. R., 1323-27, pp. 56, 112, 262, 
439, 483, etc. 
4 Calendar Close Rolls, 1313-18, pp. 127, 128. Attendance at Parliament, C.C. R., 1313-18, p. 205; 
Letters Northern Registers (R.S.), 219, 220. 
s For an example of the damage caused see Letters Northern Registers (R.S.), pp. 279-82. The whole 
subject of the revaluation of the clerical property has been too fully discussed elsewhere to repeat here. 
6 Letters Northern Registers (R.S.), pp. 219, 220, 238, 274, 276, 277, etc. 
7L. T. R. Enrolled Accounts, Subsidies, No. 14, m. ro and m. rrd. 
8L.T.R. Enrolled Accounts, Subsidies, No. 14, m. 13d. 
9 Ibid., m. 13. 
