162 UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO STUDIES 



phenomenon and the thing is not that of appearance to reality, but 

 simply that of the part to the whole, e.g., of the-blotting-paper-to- 

 the-eye-and-ink as compared with the-blotting-paper-to-the -micro- 

 scope: of the flash of red light as compared with the four hundred 

 billions of waves. 



The mistake is to set up homogeneous space as a real or even ideal 

 medium prior to extension. Space is a useful conceptual derivative 

 from extension, which is an important factor, the greatest factor, in 

 perception, that is, in things. 



Space makes the relation of things to mind seem utterly inexplicable 

 if we regard it as logically preceding the perception of things, and 

 Kant's ideal space is no better in this respect than the naive space of 

 early realism. 



The mistake is to regard the world as an external reality which is 

 divided and multiple, and mind as an inextended sensation alien to that 

 external reality. 



Concrete extensity is not divided and immediate perception is not 

 inextended. 



We must assume an extended continuum and, in this, many centers 

 of interpenetrating bodies, our own being one of these images. We 

 divide this continuum in order to act upon other bodies. Finally this 

 division calls for space and atoms as a conceptual method of dealing 

 with real action. 



In explanation of our experience we may say this: that every 

 thing happens as if we allowed to filter through us that action of 

 external things (the vibrations of the material world) which is real 

 (the most real in the "microscopic" sense), in order to retain that 

 which is virtual, that is, real for our purposes (of reacting or living in 

 the environment): this virtual action of things upon our body, and 

 of our body upon things, is perception. 



The brain states correspond to this perception. 



The state of the brain is not the cause of perception, nor the effect of 

 perception, nor in any sense its duplicate: it is its continuation; it 

 carries over perception or virtual action into conduct or real action: the 

 cerebral state is action already begun. 



