122 TRANSACTIONS OF THE 
OUTLINE OF MINING AND SMELTING CONDITIONS 
AT SAN PEDRO, NEW MEXICO. 
By B. A. BERRYMAN. 
This paper is what might be called a reconnaissance sur- 
vey of conditions at the San Pedro Copper Mine. The prop- 
erty of the Santa Fe Gold & Copper Mining Co. is located in 
the San Pedro Mountains, Santa Fe County, N. M. It 
is about 40 miles from Santa Fe, and 18 miles from Stanley, 
the nearest railroad point. 
This mountain, together with the Ortiz mountain on 
the north and the South mountain on the south, form a large 
hog-back in the Estancia valley. These mountains are not 
very rugged, and practically all rocks are angular, indicat- 
ing very little water action. 
The slopes of the mountains are fairly well covered 
with vegetation consisting in the main of scrub cedars, 
pinyon pines, and cacti. The predominant type of cacti is 
the tree cactus growing to a height of from six to seven 
feet. The flat Opuntia is also very common, then a few 
cacti having a bee-hive shape are found. There is prac- 
tically no shrubbery or small plants, not even sage brush. 
The cacti seem to take the place here of the sage and rabbit 
brush as found in Utah. 
The San Pedro Mountains are the result of a laccolith 
intruded into Carboniferous strata. The northern, western, 
and eastern slopes are composed almost entirely of the lac- 
colithic material, which has a characteristic porphyritic tex- 
ture. In the central part and on the southern slope con- 
‘ siderable of the laccolithic roof is preserved, having a thick- 
ness of about 700 feet. To the north of the San Pedro 
Mountains is a large series of red shales, which are placed 
in the Cretaceous by the U.S. G. S., they having found con- 
siderable ammonites in them. 
From the City of San Pedro, which is one and a half 
miles west of the property, up to the smelter there are about 
200 feet of Carboniferous limestones, which occur in heavy 
flat benches, and are used as a flux by the smelter. It aver- 
ages from 45 - 55 per cent CaO in excess of silica. 
