UTAH ACADEMY OF SCIENCES 157 
a nation of individualists, more or less unused to team work 
and the subservience of the individual to the organization, 
results obtained at first proved to be very unsatisfactory ; 
and it was only the persistent faith in their ability to ‘“‘mud- 
dle through somehow” that enabled the British to with- 
stand the severe shocks of repeated defeats inflicted by a 
well organized, well supplied emeny. When the effort was 
made to determine wherein the difference between England 
and its enemies was to be found, it was not long until the 
conclusion was reached that they would have to do after the 
conflict began what Germany has completed before the war 
started. The nationalization of industries under the direc- 
tion of Lloyd George and the facility with which supplies 
and men were brought from the colonies to England proved 
to be the salvation of the country. Even with this, however, 
it was soon recognized by the British themselves that some- 
thing more than political acumen is necessary to meet the 
new condition, as is shown by the following quotation from 
a writer in the London Fiancial News. 
“No unofficial war document thus far published can 
compare in importance with the manifesto issued yesterday 
on the subject of our national neglect of science. The sig- 
natories include many of the foremost scientific names of 
the day. The arguments are crushing in their conclusive- 
ness. Best of all, if it is permissible so to speak, the mani- 
festo is issued at a time when we are face to face with the 
most lurid of object lessons. The bulk of our failures in 
the war have been a consequence of our neglect of that 
scientific energy, strenuousness and organization of which 
the Germans make so much. We believe their achievements 
in this field are exaggerated. At the same time, they are 
far too obvious for us to remain undisturbed by them unless 
we mean to resign our ancient place in the world.” 
The signatories of the scientific manifesto point out 
that our highest ministers of state are mostly ignorant of 
the obvious facts and principles of “mechanics, chemistry, 
physics, biology, geography, and geology’. It will be noted 
that economics is not included, possibly because it is re- 
garded as a department of biology. The same ignorance, 
