UTAH ACADEMY OF SCIENCES 163 
reached the surface, though the merit acquired by research 
might weigh in the appointment to a post of teaching or 
administration. On the contrary, the early agitation for 
the endowment of research was regarded as finally disposed 
of by calling it the research of endowment, as though the 
wish to be paid were conclusive evidence of insincerity. 
The suggested council will have some difficulty in or- 
ganizing adequately paid research. The endowed re- 
searcher in the national interest must expect an occasional 
audit of an imperious character, and his employers must see 
their way to act upon it. With teaching the difficulty is 
less. If the students of one year do not respond, the next 
year may be more successful. It takes just about a life- 
time to satisfy ourselves about our own weaknesses. The 
responsibility is nicely divided; it is just as much the duty 
of the students to learn as of the lecturer to teach, and 
neither student nor teacher has the material for a considered 
judgment upon the matter. That is why the “hobby” sys- 
tem with occasional rewards for exceptional success, is so 
popular. It can be worked best by letting things go their 
own way. 
The present state of things, which all agree in deplor- 
ing, can be altered by drawing a clear distinction between a 
society’s hobbies and the nation’s purposes, and entrusting 
them to separate administrative management. Mr. Carne- 
gie has made it clear that the financial detachment of a 
voluntary society is not essential to the successful organ- 
ization of scientific research”’’. 
But what of America? First came the call for relief 
work on account of deplorable conditions in Belgium and 
other parts of Europe. The response was immediate and 
the organization for collection and distribution of supplies 
worked out well, in spite of almost innumerable obstacles. 
Our inherent unwillingness to take up arms except when 
all other means have failed, prevented our actually enter- 
ing the conflict. With the passage of time, however, 
there came the feeling that our nation must undertake to 
