UTAH ACADEMY OF SCIENCES 25 
we were compelled to leave the river and continued the 
field work on land during the fall and winter, along the 
west side of the Canyon. 
Now that the work was successfully launched, Con- 
gress generously came to his assistance, making appro- 
priations for continuing the survey, topographical and 
geological, of the country adjacent to the river, the expen- 
diture of the appropriations being under the supervision 
of the Smithsonian Institution, yearly, thereafter, until 
1879, when the work of this survey was consolidated with 
those of Hayden and Wheeler and afterwards known as 
the “U. 8S. Geological Survey’. Prof Clarence King was 
made the director, as the Major felt that he had been too 
closely interested in its creation to allow his name to be 
presented. The new consolidation was placed under the 
Department of the Interior, and in 1881, Clarence King 
resigned and Major Powell was immediately appointed 
in his stead. The result of Powell’s original field work 
was topographical maps of a large part of Utah and con- 
siderable portions of Wyoming, Arizona and Nevada, as 
shown by many volumes of reports and monographs. 
Among them may be cited—The Exploration of the Colo- 
rado River of the West, 1869 to 1872; The Geology of the 
Uinta Mountains and Lands of the Arid Region, by Pow- 
ell; Geology of the High Plateaus of Utah, by C. E. Dut- 
ton, U.S. A.; Geology of the Henry Mountains, by G. K. 
Gilbert; and four volumes of Contributions to North 
American Ethnology, one of which contained Lewis H. 
Morgan’s famous monograph on “‘Houses and House Life 
of the American Aborigines.’’ Early in his western work 
Major Powell became interested in the native tribes, 
studying the language, tribal organization, customs and 
mythology of the Utes, Pai Utes and the Moki or ‘‘Sheni- 
mos’, Wisemen, as they called themselves, and on one 
occasion was formally adopted into one of the Moki Clans. 
Through his influence at the consolidation of the three 
surveys, a Bureau of Ethnology was established and 
attached to the Smithsonian Institution with Powell as its 
director, an office he held until 1894 without salary. His 
labors as a pioneer in the science of ethnology have been 
recognized by leading societies and institutions of learn- 
ing throughout the world. As a lecturer he was inde- 
