E , UTAH ACADEMY OF SCIENCES 247 
THE NORMAL TEMPERATURE AS A FUNCTION 
OF THE LATITUDE, ELEVATION, TIME 
OF DAY, AND DAY OF YEAR. 
BY FRANK L. WEST. 
The following empirical equation, 
T=M+ + cos t+ cos ® (1) 
represents the normal temperature as a function of the 
time for the United States except for the arid west, where 
we must add the term oe cos t cos ®). The constants 
are the mean annual’ temperature, the range of the 
annual march, and the range of the daily march, and are 
obviously easily obtained from the Weather Bureau Data 
for the place desired. 
These constants may also easily be obtained from the 
following empirical equations, 
M=—110-1.4L-.002h (2) 
where M is the mean annual temperature, and L is the 
latitude, and H is the elevation in feet above sea level. 
It applies to the United States east of the Rocky Moun- 
tains. For the arid west, the following equation applies. 
M—121-1.4L-.0033h (3) 
For the eastern part of the United States the follow- 
ing equation applies: 
A= -24+1.8L (4) 
where A stands for the difference in temperature between 
winter and summer. The other values in the first equa- 
tion (1) are sensibly constant. 
