UTAH ACADEMY OF SCIENCES 255 
prove sterile when mated to normal females properly 
nourished. Menstruation ceases in women whose diets 
lack in this factor. In Germany this secession of menstru- 
ation because of incomplete diet has come to be known as 
“war amenorrhea” and is mentioned in recent publica- 
tions with considerable concern. Much work along this 
line and upon the pronounced histological changes of the 
sex organs and other tissues due to lack of this factor is 
now being reported. 
This particular vitamine is being used with marked 
success in cases of malnutrition and failure to grow in 
infants. 
WATER SOLUBLE C. 
Function. —From its power to prevent and cure 
scurvy, water-soluble C is called the antiscorbutic vit- 
amine. 
Occurrence .—W ater-soluble C is probably present 
in most, if not all living plant and animal tissue. It is 
reported especially abundant in fresh fruits and green 
vegetables, and is present in smaller amounts in root 
vegetables and tubers. It is found in relatively small 
amounts in meats and milk and has been reported absent 
in yeast, fats, cereals, pulses, prunes, bananas, and cod- 
liver oil. 
Vegetables are usually a cheaper source of this fac- 
tor than fruits. Raw cabbage is reported as even better 
than orange juice as asource of C. The juices of swedes, 
beets and carrots if uncooked are valuable sources of this 
vitamine. Cooked as well as raw rhubarb is reported 
effective for C. Young or fresh vegetables are more val- 
uable than old orstale ones. The water-soluble C content 
of milk of both the human and animal mother can be 
increased by vitamine-rich food. 
The relationship between a failure of the potato crop 
of a region and scurvy has been repeatedly observed in 
Europe and our own country. Scurvy was a common 
thing on board the old-time sailing vessels on long 
voyages where fresh fruits and vegetables were not 
available. Because of restricted diets, scurvy developed 
among the inhabitants of Paris during the siege of 1871. 
