8 UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO STUDIES 



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men. By working their employees long hours, or by employing women 

 and children, they force other and better-disposed men to resort to the 

 same bad practices, since the public will not stop to inquire about the 

 conditions under which goods are made. Any unscrupulous method 

 resorted to by one employer tends to extend itself to all employers in 

 that industry. Thus the individual method of conducting industries 

 tends to reduce them all to the level of business morality represented 

 by the most unscrupulous manager. Now, suppose the various firms, 

 or, as in the above case, the barber shops, combined into a trust. Each 

 shop or firm takes stock in the trust, and the business is carried on by a 

 manager. The policy of the business is determined by the votes of the 

 firms composing the trust. It is decided by a majority vote. In this 

 way the nineteen barbers that desired to close on Sundays, and the 

 manufacturers that were opposed to the employment of women and 

 children, might make their influence felt in the conduct of industry. 

 At any rate, the influence of the unscrupulous man in business would 

 be greatly reduced. 



In the popular enthusiasm for opportunity for the small dealer the 

 public often loses sight of the incidental benefits that result from the 

 magnitude of an industry. When manufacturers have succeeded in 

 producing a valuable article, they are not content to manufacture it 

 without the effort to improve. The.pubhc demands more than a static 

 condition of industry. To five and flourish, a manufacturing concern 

 must constantly improve its productions. In order to do this, the great 

 establishments of the country are employing physicists, chemists, 

 inventors and experimenters of all kinds. Large manufacturing drug- 

 gists employ many men continuously to make experiments and discover 

 new remedies, in order that they may be able to put the newly discovered 

 drug on the market and reap the financial reward. One such company 

 has had a man working for several years to find a remedy for the cure 

 of rabies. What is true of large drug companies is also true of great 

 industries generally. The larger the industry, the greater the number 

 of inventors and experimenters constantly employed. 



The small firms or individuals that are carrying on any of these 

 industries cannot employ inventors or specialists of any sort. They are 



