THE SEED AND SEEDLING OF THE MOUNTAIN GLOBE-FLOWER 95 



Clark' in Oxygraphis cymbalaria. Each stalk (Fig. ii) is channeled 

 above and contains a single small vascular bundle. The petiole of 

 the first foliage leaf is semi-terete. It has three vascular bundles, the 

 lower one the largest. In later leaves the bundles are numerous, as 

 many as six or eight large ones and a number of smaller size. 



The principal points of interest in the foregoing account may be 

 briefly summarized. Trollius albiflora, in germination, offers an 

 example of united cotyledon-stalks. The plumule makes its appear- 

 ance through a sUt at the base of the connate stalks. Although the 

 cotyledons are foliaceous in appearance they are very different in shape 

 from the leaves. A more specialized structure is observed in the leaf 

 than in the cotyledon, the former having a well-marked palisade and 

 the epidermis being strikingly different on the upper and lower sur- 

 faces. The cotyledon-stalks have each a single vascular bundle, while 

 the leaf-petiole of the first leaf has three bundles and later leaves still 

 more. 



EXPLANATION OF FIGURES 



1. Vertical section of the seed x 55. The embryo is seen, imbedded in endosperm, 

 which is somewhat more oily close to the embryo. 



2. Cross section of the seed, through the embryo, x 55. The cotyledons are shown 

 surrounded by the more oily portions of the endosperm. 



3. Embryo, dissected out x 55. 



4. The seedling x 2. Note the absence of main root; the connate cotyledon-stalks; 

 the first leaf and bud appearing through a slit in the cotyledonary sheath. In shape, 

 the first leaf is seen to differ from the later leaf (Fig. 13). 



5. Surface view of upper surface of cotyledon. All the cells of the epidermis have 

 wavy outline. 



6. Surface view of lower epidermis of cotyledon. This has much the same appear- 

 ance as Fig. 5. Stomata are, however, present. 



7. Surface view of upper epidermis of leaf. In this the cell outlines are less wavy 

 than in the corresponding epidermis of the cotyledon. 



8. Surface view of lower epidermis of leaf. Here are found very wavy cell out- 

 lines, numerous stomata, occasional short, clavate trichomes. 



9. Vertical section of leaf-lamina. A distinct palisade layer is present. In this 

 layer one cell is shown which is branched above. 



10. Vertical section of blade of cotyledon. In place of the distinct palisade found 

 in the leaf, there are two rows of nearly spherical cells with large spaces between them. 



11. Diagram of cross section of cotyledon-stalk, made above the region where the 

 two stalks are connate. There is one small vascular bundle. 



12. Diagram of cross section of petiole of first leaf. In this there are three vascular 

 bundles. Attention should be called to the fact that in later leaves the vascular bundles 

 are numerous. 



13. Drawing of an adult leaf, one-half natural size. It is interesting to note that the 

 shape is quite different from that of the first leaf. 



All the drawings were made by the author from his own preparations. Figures 5 to 10 

 show a magnification of about two hundred and fifty diameters. 



1 Torreya. 5: 164-166. 1905. 



