ADDRESS. 15 



time the number of wealthy independent searchers after truth and 

 patrons of science of the style of Joule, Spottiswoode, and De la Rue is 

 apparently becoming smaller. The installations required by the refine- 

 ments of modern science are continually becoming more costly, so that 

 upon all grounds it would appear that without endowments of the 

 kind provided by Dr. Carnegie the outlook for disinterested research is 

 rather dark. On the other hand, these endowments, unless carefully 

 administered, might obviously tend to impair the single-minded devotion 

 to the search after truth for its own sake, to which science has owed 

 almost every memorable advance made in the past. The Carnegie 

 Institute will dispose in a year of as much money as the members of the 

 Royal Institution have expended in a century upon its purely scieutitic 

 work. It will at least be interesting to note how far the output of high- 

 class scientific work corresponds to the hundredfold application of money 

 to its production. Nor will it be of less interest to the people of this 

 country to observe the results obtained from that moiety of Dr. Carnegie's 

 gift to Scotland which is to be applied to the promotion of scientific 

 research. 



Apjdied Chemistry, English and Foreign. 



The Diplomatic and Consular reports published from time to time by 

 the Foreign Office are usually too belated to be of much use to business 

 men, but they sometimes contain information concerning what is done in 

 foreign countries which affords food for reflection. One of these reports, 

 issued a year ago, gives a very good account of the German arrangements 

 and provisions for scientific training, and of the enormous commercial 

 demand for the services of men who have passed successfully through the 

 universities and Technical High Schools, as well as of the wealth that 

 has accrued to Germany through the systematic application of scientific 

 proficiency to the ordinary business of life. 



Taking these points in their order, I have thought it a matter of great 

 interest to obtain a comparative view of chemical equipment in this 

 country and in Germany, and I am indebted to Professor Henderson of 

 Glasf'ow, who last year became the secretary of a committee of this 

 Association of which Professor Armstrong is chairman, for statistics 

 referring to this country, which enable a comparison to be broadly made. 

 The author of the consular report estimates that in 1901 there wei"e 

 4,500 trained chemists employed in German works, the number having risen 

 to this point from 1,700 employed twenty-five years earlier. It is difficult 

 to give perfectly accurate figures for this country, but a liberal estimate 

 places the number of works chemists at 1,500, while at the very outside 

 it cannot be put higher than somewhere between 1,500 and 2,000. In 

 other words, we cannot show in the United Kingdom, notwithstanding 

 the immense range of the chemical industries in which we once stood 

 prominent, more than one-third of the professional staff employed in 

 Germany. It may perhaps be thought or hoped that we make up in 



