384 UfipoftT— 1902. 



Lam, to go. 



lam-tcil, I go. lam-tcit, we go. 



lam-tcuq, thou goest. liim-tcap, j'ou go. 



lam, he goes. liim, they go. 



AORIST. 

 le-tcil-laliim, I went. Ic-tcit-lalam, we went. 



The other persons follow regularly in like manner. 

 ^Here the verb stem is reduplicated. 



Present Perfect Continuous Tense. 

 e-tcil-lam, I am going. e-tcit-lam, we are going. 



The other persons follow regularly in like manner. 



Past Perfect Tense. 



lE-tcil-WE-tl-hai-liim, I have been ; ai litt. I have finished my going. 

 lE-tcit-wE-tl-hai-liim, we haVe been ; ad litt. we have finished our going. 



The other persons follow in like manner. 



The auxiliary verb hai in this compound is used also independently, and signifies 

 ' to complete ' or ' finish ' anything. 



Future TensEi 

 lam-tcil-tca, I shall go. lam-tcit-tca, we sliall go. 



Tlie other persons follow regularly. 



Dubitative Form. 



j'il'swa kwa lilm tE e'lsa, perhaps I may go. 

 yil'swa kwa liim tE lu'a, perhaps thou mayest go. 

 yii'swa kwa liim (tE sa'), perhaps he may go. 



Ithe plural follows regularly. 



Imperative. 



lam-tla 1 go ! 



laeyil ! go away I e-kwEs-liim, ' you'd better go.' 



The position of the inflectional pronoun in the Halkome'lEm is worthy of notice. 

 In Tcil'Qe'uk the pronoun is seen to be sometimes prefixed, at others suffixed to the 

 verb stem ; thus : — 



kwa'kwEs-tcil, I am warm ; qait-tcil, I am cold, 

 tcil-ka'ka, I am drinking ; tcil-ka'ka tE ka, I am drinking water. 

 e'tutEm'tcil, I am sleepy ; ke'sel^tcil, I am tired. 

 tcil-kwa'kwEl, I am talking ; tcil-kal, I believe. 



In some of the Salish dialects the pronoun is uniformly prefixed, in othets aS 

 uniformly suffixed. The Halkome'lEm tongue seems to occupy a middle position. 

 I am not satisfied that the pronoun may be indifferently prefixed or suffixed in this 

 tongue. At times this would appear to be the case ; but in many instances the posi- 

 tion of the pronoun affects the sense of the verb. An illustration will make this 

 point clear. We Will suppose I wish to borrow my neighbour's horse : I say to him 

 as we stand together, hut-tcU tis stEke'yu, ' I am going to take your liorse.' In sucli 

 instances as this the verb root always precedes the pronoun ; but if I had taken the 

 horse without his knowledge and afterwards met him I should say : tcil-JcOt tjs 

 stEke'yu, ' I took your horse.' Again, if he had missed the horse and asked, when I 

 was by, who had taken it, I should answer lE-tcll-kut, ' I took it.' Here the particle 

 Ik marks the action as done formerly. I have already briefly spoken of the func» 



