262 REPORT— 1903. 



Also at Tetney Haven, to the south of Cleethorpes, sediment is deposited 

 upon the foreshore for an area of some 2^ miles in length and i mile in 

 width at spring tides. The observations extend as far south as North- 

 cotes Point. The low and muddy shores of Marfleet and Paull, on the 

 northern bank, show no change, but variable erosion is reported from Barton 

 and Killingholme, where the shore is unprotected, and on the southern 

 .shore of Cleethorpes through heavy gales. Nearly all the southern bank 

 of the estuary is protected by sea-walls or groynes. At Killingholme the 

 clay banks, their summits 6 or 8 feet above the beach, are covered, more 

 or less completely, by an apron of chalk and ironstone. A shingle bank 

 ■is said to be accumulating on the northern shore of South Killingholme 

 Haven, and a large sandbank in the river between North Terriby and 

 Hessle. In the neighbourhood of Terriby Hall, Barton Cliff, and 

 Barton Ness (Barton-on-Humber) the recorded loss is from 4 to 6 feet 

 in 2^ years. Small groynes have been built from the B;ifle Butts (3 miles 

 west of Hull) to . North Terriby, but are said to have no effect on the 

 beach. Docks and piers occupy part of the bank between Barrow Haven 

 and Chalk Point, and stones have been deposited to protect the banks near 

 Barton Cliffs. Apparently erosion in the estuary of the Humber is not 

 very serious, for (in July 1903) the loss of land at Barton-on-Humber is 

 said to have been imperceptible since 1899, while at Killingholme no 

 change has been recorded in the same time. At Cleethorpes, however, 

 about 20 feet of bank have been washed away in this period ; but the 

 sea-wall is now being extended for | mile E.S.E. to protect the part in 

 question. 



Lincolnshire and the Wash. 



Along the I'emainder of the Lincolnshire coast, the borders of the Wash, 

 and the Norfolk coast as far east as Salthouse at Lower Sheringham the 

 losses of land are also insignificant. From Northcotes Point (south of the 

 Humber estuary) as far south as Ingoldmells Point losses occur at 

 Sutton-le-Marsh and Chapel St. Leonards. Elsewhere the coast-line is 

 stationary. At Anderby there are no groynes and the shore is fringed 

 with sandhills covered by gorse and grass ; while from Theddlethorpe 

 northwards it is protected by groynes at intervals. At Chapel parts of 

 the sandbank are washed away during each winter, but the shore is pro- 

 tected by groynes and faggots, which help to make up the banks. No 

 sand is removed for any purpose. In the neighbourhood of Sutton and 

 Mablethorpe the low sandy beach suffers a similar loss, and the shore, 

 moreover, is unprotected by groynes. As at Chapel, no sand or shingle is 

 allowed to be removed. 



On the remaining Lincolnshire coast, and that of Norfolk as far as 

 Salthouse, but one loss is on record — viz. between Old and New Hun- 

 stanton. The contrary is the case in many parts of the Wash ; thus from 

 Lynn Cut to Wooten Creek the sea has apparently been receding during 

 the last five years, and land once under water is now covered only by 

 high spring tides. Banks are built to keep back the sea and reclaim the 

 land for cultivation. The same system is adopted east of Sutton Bridge 

 (near mouth of the river Nene), where the last inclosure (1899) was 

 made in 1865. From the south point of Fleethaven to the Lighthouse 

 (river Nene), Drove End detachment C.G.S., the land is reported to be 

 gaining on the sea. It is protected by banks near Freiston and Butter- 

 wick on the western side of the Wash. At Ingoldmells C.G.S piers 



