OBSERVATIONS ON CHANGES IN SEA COAST OF UNITED KINGDOM. 269 



as above noted, is continued westward, and it is noteworthy that the 

 groynes are few. Eight out of thirteen reports covering the coast from 

 Rye Harbour to the northern part of Eastbourne mention shore-protec- 

 tions which it would seem are effective, with the exception noted above 

 from Bexhill. 



The remainder of the coast included in this section of the report, viz. 

 from Beachy Head to Goring, has been the subject of fifteen reports, of 

 which ten record the building of groynes or of a sea-wall. Some of these 

 have been already mentioned ; in the others the groynes appear to be 

 fairly efiective in accumulating and retaining the shingle and sand at the 

 places where they have been erected. 



Beach material is definitely stated to be taken from the following 

 places : — 



The Isle of Grain. 



The western side of Sheerness. 



Westgate-on-Sea. 



The neighbourhood of Margate, 

 Broadstairs, and Ramsgate. 



Kingsdown. 



Dover (for building sea-wall 

 under Shakespeare's Cliff). 



The foreshore at Folkestone. 



The beach belonging to the 

 Hythe Corporation. 



Rye Harbour. 



Haddocks (occasionally). 



The eastern side of Ecclesbourne 

 Station (hard stone). 



Hastings, St. Leonards (at the 

 western end), and formerly from 

 Bexhill. 



In large quantities from Lang- 

 ney (Pevensey Bay). 



Portobello (between Newhaven 

 and Rottingdean). 



Bhoreham. 



Sand in great quantities from 

 Worthing. 



West Sussex, ffavi20shire, the Isle of Wight, and Hast Dorset. 



The next section of coast to be considered is comprised in Sheet 23 of 

 the 4 miles = 1 inch map (as far west as Portland Sound and in- 

 cluding the Isle of Wight). Of this the eastern part from Goring to 

 Chichester Harbour shows an almost uniform loss, the coast to the 

 south-west of Pagham being the only part which is reported as stationary. 



From East Preston (near Littlehampton) a loss of 12 feet took place 

 in the ten years ending at July 1899. The groynes retain the travelling 

 sand and shingle to a great extent, but beach material, chiefly sand, is 

 removed for industrial purposes. 



At the eastern end of the sea front at Littlehampton and at Elener 

 Point severe gales have caused an encroachment, but groynes stop the 

 eastward movement of shingle, and the removal of sand tends to prevent 

 the blocking up of the harbour-mouth. 



At Felpham the groynes, which when in proper repair retain the 

 shingle, are now (1899) practically useless through neglect, and a loss of 

 40 feet is reported in the preceding two years, a road and pathway having 

 been washed away. The sea-wall and esplanade are being lengthened by 

 the Bognor Urban Council. 



The eastern side of Selsey Bill loses ground, and groynes have 

 been erected to prevent this. Only small quantities of gravel are 

 removed. 



Loss also takes place on the western side of Selsey Bill for some 

 2| miles from Corham's Gap to Thorney Barn, the damage being done 

 by heavy south-westerly winds in conjunction with spring tides. Groynes 



