TRANSACTIONS OF SECTION G. 783 



good eyesight — those, for example, who had established a reputation for good 

 rifle-shooting. The following are a few examples of Mr. F. E. Pollard's work 

 with different specimeus of range-finder at long distances : 



I. Ben Vracliie at Pitlochry, range-finder No. 11: the consecutive readings 

 were 5,000,5,200, 5,100, 5,200, 5,200; mean, 5,140. Distance, from Ordnance 

 Survey, 5,210 yards. 



II. The same obiect and distance, range-finder No. 10 : 5,150, 5,100, 5,000, 

 5,000, 5,200 ; mean, 5,090. 



III. Same object and distance. Base No. 2, Binocular No. 10 : 5,200, 4,950, 

 5,150, 5,200; mean of four observations, .5,125. 



IV. Same object from a diflerent point, range-finder No. 12 : 6,050, 6,100, 

 6,200, 6,200, 6,160 ; mean, 6,140 ; distance, from Ordnance Survey, 6,200 yards. 



V. An example of a test of No. 10 range-finder made by Mr. Pollard when 

 ignorant of the true distance, the range-finder having been adjusted two months 

 previously, and having travelled hundreds of miles and been used frequently in 

 the interval. Observing station : Pouton, Suubury, Middlesex. Object observed : 

 Tower of Hollowav College ; indistinctly visible. Successive readings : 10,750, 

 10,900, 10,550, 10,000, 9,800, 9,800, 9,850 ; mean, 10,2.36 ; distance_ on Ordnance 

 Survey, 10,200 yards. It will be obvious that even with the maximum error of 

 all these readings at a distance of almost six miles, this instrument, designed only 

 for use with infantry up to 3,000 yards, is capable, in the hands of a skilled 

 observer, of giving results of the utmost value not only to artillerists but also to 

 surveyor!? and travellers. 



5, Water-sujyply in South-west Lancashire. 

 By Joseph Parry, M.Inst.C.E. 



6. Eainfall on the River Bann, County Down, Ireland, at Banhridge, and 

 at Lough Island Reavy Reservoir. By John Smyth, M.A., M.Inst.C.E. I. 



The author read a paper at the Belfast meeting in 1876 on the rainfall of 

 Banbridge for ten years 1864-1873 ; also on the rainfall of Ulster. He now gives 

 a summary of the rainfall at Banbridge for forty years, 1862-1901. The average 

 for the whole period was Sl'l ; the wettest year, 1872, with 46-6 inch fall; 

 the driest, 1887, with 23-1 inches fall. The greatest faU in twenty-four hours, 

 2-3 inches, on October 12, 1865. On .luly 4, 1883, at 7.30 p.m., 1-6 inch fell in 

 one hour. The greatest ten years' average was 33-3 from 1872-1881 ; the least, 

 29-1, from 1862-1871. The average rainfall at the reservoir, twenty miles farther 

 up the stream than Banbridge, for the same forty years, was 44 inches. 



7. On the Rate of Fall of Rain at Seathivaite. 

 By Hugh Robert Mill, D.Sc, LL.D. 



A recording rain-gauge on Negretti and Zambra's pattern was established at 

 Seathwaite, in Cumberland, in the wettest part of the Lake District, in July 

 1899, by the late Mr. Symons, and records were obtained up to the end of 

 December 1900. Ordinary observations of rainfall are available for many years 

 at the same place, and as the average of thirty-eight years (1865-1902) the rate 

 of fall is -614 inch per rainy day, a rainy day being one on which more than 

 •005 inch falls ; and on the average there are 216 such days in the year, the total 

 mean annual rainfall being 132'53 inches. The total number of rainfall days for 

 the eighteen months (July 1899-December 1900) was 350, the total rainfall by 

 the recording-gauge 182'91 inches, or at the rate of '523 inch per rainy day. The 

 average duration of rainfall was four and three-quarter hours per rainy day, or 

 nearly double the duration in London. During the period in question rain fell 

 during 1,695 hours, or at an average rate, when raining, of '108 inch per hour. 



