ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY BULLETIN 



Snail is larger than the Potomac, and is an ex- 

 quisite creature, of a delicate gray tint with 

 slender brown tentacles and a single brown 

 band in the translucent shell. 



A European snail now bred in this country 

 and to some extent used in home aquaria, is the 

 Transparent African Snail, also called African 

 Paper-Shelled Snail (Li/mnaea auricularia) . It 

 has a light, horn-color shell, over an inch in 

 length, and a spotted brown body. The eggs 

 .Hid young are preyed upon by fishes, and only 

 adult specimens are therefore desirable for 

 aquaria. It is a short-lived, rapidly-breeding 

 species and an excellent scavenger. In shape 

 the shell is similar to that of the common pond 

 snail, except that the opening is much larger, 

 giving it the popular name of Ear Shell. It has 

 a broad body whorl, and depressed spire. 



The Four Horned Snail (Ampullaria gigas) 

 from South America is a vegetable feeder and 

 destroys plants indiscriminately. It is large, 

 like the Japanese snail, and has the peculiar 

 habit of laying its eggs above the water in such 

 a position that when the young snails hatch they 

 may drop into the water immediately. Another 

 snail of the same family, Ampullaria pinei, from 

 Florida, grows over three inches long. These 

 snails are attractive and a study of their habits 

 will afford many pleasant and profitable hours; 

 but if one wishes snails only to act as scaven- 

 gers in his aquaria, the most desirable are 

 those which will not attack the plants except 

 to keep the fine plant growth cleaned off the 

 glass, and will consume the scraps left by the 

 fishes. 



The best fresh-water snails for this purpose 

 that are readily procurable, are the European 

 red ramshorn, the Japanese snail, and — when 

 it is not asleep — the Potomac, common in nearly 

 all our ponds and lakes. Of these the last two 

 are the cleanest, but the red ramshorn is the 

 best scavenger, though necessarily requiring 

 more care, and will survive several years in cap- 

 tivity. More than one variety of snail is not 

 amiss in an aquarium, since tastes differ even 

 among snails. 



NEW MEMBERS 

 July I. 1917-Deeember 31, 1917 



Benefactor 



Mrs. Frederick Ferris Thompson 



Founders in Perpetuity 



Mis. Andrew Carnegie, Emerson McMillin, 



E. C. Converse, Mrs. Russell Sage, 



Mortimer I.. Schiff 



Associate Founders 

 Edwin Thorne, Samuel Thorne, .1 r., 



Joel \V. Thorne, Mrs. Richard Tjader. 



Patrons 

 William Pierson Hamilton, Mrs. Samuel Thome, 

 Joseph A. McAleenan, W. V. S. Thorne, 



H. M. Tilford. 

 Life Members 

 James Douglas, II. deB. Parsons, 



Coleman duPont, E. R. Sanborn, 



H. E. Huntington, Rodman Wanamaker. 



Annual Members 

 Beach, William X., Scribner, Charles, 



Black. Mrs. Robert C„ Shulhof, Otto B., 



Bliss, Miss S. D., Silliman, James R., 



Bryce, Miss Mary T.. Simon, Robert E., 



Case, J. Herbert, Smith, Geo. Stuart. 



Cornell, Miss Emily I.., Snyder, Valentine P.. 



Day, Miss I. aura V., Soldwedel, Frederick A., 



deForest, Henry W., Soule, Eouis H., 



Delano, Moreau, Spalding, II. Boardman, 



Dodge, Mrs. Cleveland H., Stallforth, F., 

 DeTynfo, Ignacio, Stewart, Cecil P.. 



Hagard, Rowland G., Stillman, Joseph F., 



Ibbeken, A. G. Stimpson, Edwin B., 



Karcher, Frank Joseph, Stone, Charles A., 

 Kennedy, Miss M. M., Strauss, Mrs. Nathan, Jr., 



Lawrence, Mrs. W. W., Thompson, LaMarcus A., 



I icbtenstein, Oscar R„ Thursby, Sidney, 



MacFadden, C. K., Tiedemann, Theodore, 



Maxwell, George T., Timolat, James G., 



Milliken, Mrs. Gerrish II.. Todd. W. Parsons, 

 Moore, Mrs. Barrington, Townes, W. G., 

 Norrie, Mrs. E. I,. Breese, Townsend, H. X„ 

 Pomeroy, Daniel E., Van Cott, Harvey A., 



Pond, Miss Florence I.., Wagner, Charles H., 

 Post, William H., Walbridge, Henry D„ 



Potter, James Brown, Walter, William I., 



Pratt, Samuel, Watson, Mrs. J. Henry, 



Richard, O. I.., Weiler, Mrs. Julia O., 



Richardson, Mrs. D. E., Wheelock. Win, H., 

 Rumsey, Mrs. Charles C, Williams, Clarence E., 

 Schmidt, Fedor, Winter, Emil, 



Wrightsman, Charles J. 



RAINBOW AND STEELHEAD TROUTS 



Both Now ('(died Salmo irideus 



By C. H. Townsend. 



NATURALISTS for some time have been 

 of the opinion that these two trouts were 

 identical. The steelhead is merely a 

 rainbow trout that enters salt or brackish waters 

 and lias acquired the anadromous habit. As a 

 result it becomes much changed, having a larger 

 size when it re-enters the rivers, and a more 

 salmon-like appearance. While the rainbow 

 trouts of our Pacific coast states vary somewhat 

 according to the streams they inhabit, the sea- 

 run steelhead, wherever taken, remains uniform 

 in appearance and ranges farther north, enter- 

 ing streams in southeast Alaska. 



The writer has seen freshly captured steel- 

 heads at the McCloud River hatchery on the 



