A Social Study of the Russian German 49 
This enormous difference in Lincoln is due partly to the large 
number of unmarried women between these ages in the city at 
large and the small number among the Russian Germans. An 
unusually large proportion of single women in the schools, col- 
leges, and university; the usual number of rural immigrants in 
business and industry; and the increasing number of women of 
leisure who delay marriage, reduce the proportion of married 
women between 15 and 45 years in the city to 54.7 per cent., while 
80.0 per cent. of the Russian German women of this age are mar- 
ried.18 Based upon the number of married women between 15 and 
45 years, the birth rate for the Russian Germans is 399.1 births per 
1,000 and for Lincoln at large, 134.1 per 1,000.1° Unfortunately 
there is no way of separating the city rate which all the way 
through includes the Russian German and does not anywhere 
show comparative ratios between this foreign group and the 
native-born, nor between them and the rest of the city. 
The potential size of the Russian German family may be ascer- 
tained by a study of the number of children born in those families 
in which the mother has passed the age of child-bearing. Out 
of 265 Russian German families in Lincoln in which the mother 
was 45 years and over, the following number of children had 
been born: 
o children in 18 families ; 8 children in 26 families ; 
1 child in 3 families; 9 children in 37 families; 
2 children in 9 families; 10 children in 40 families; 
3 children in 4 families; 11 children in 32 families; 
4 children in 8 families; 12 children in 16 families; 
5 children in 12 families; 13 children in 10 families; 
6 children in 21 families; 14 children in 5 families; 
7 children in 21 families; 15 children in 3 families. 
In 80 per cent. of these families, six or more children were 
18 Cf. Table VIII, Conjugal Condition of the Population Over Fifteen 
Years, by Percentages, above, 40. 
19In the three years 1890-1892 the annual birth-rate for England was 
264 per 1,000 wives. Newsholme, The Elements of Vital Statistics, 64. 
175 
