CONCLUSION. 171 



Tliis generalized mauunal would belong to the group named 

 Hiipothciia by Huxley, who has laid a sure foundation for investigation in 

 this line of research. 



Genealogy of Ungulates. 



From this primitive type of mammal, a special line apparently led off 

 through the Triassic and Jurassic to the Cretaceous, where it formed a 

 well marked group, which may be called the Protnngnhita, the probable 

 ancestors of all succeeding Ungulate Mammals. 



The characters of this type would be somewhat as follows : 



(1.) Brain, small and smooth. 



(2.) Teeth, forty-four or more. 



(3.) No frontal appendages. 



(4.) Odontoid process, conical. 



(5.) Vertebma, flat. 



(6.) Trunk vertebrae, thirty or more. 



(7.) Chevron bones. 



(8.) Clavicles present. 



(9.) Sternal bones, flat. 

 (10.) Humerus with supra-condylar foramen. 

 (11.) Feet, plantigrade. 

 (12.) Five digits in manus and in.jies. 

 (13.) Carpal and tarsal bones not interlocking. 

 (14.) Separate central bone in carpus. 

 (15.) Femur with third trochanter. 

 (16.) Three bones in first tarsal row^ 

 (17.) Astragalus, flat. 

 (18.) Fibula articulating with calcaneum. 



From this generalized ungulate, the skeleton of which we now know^ 

 almost as well apparently as if we had it before us, a direct line woidd 

 appear to have continued up to the present day, and be represented bv 

 the living Hyrax. Severttl divergent lines passed off probably from the 

 same stem, and three of these have continued to the present time, the 

 survivors being the Prohoscidea, the Artfodacti/Ia, and the Perissodacti/Ia. 



