Kendall : (kology of the Vale of Eden. in 



pressed against the escarpment of Carboniferous Limestone, 

 and water flowing along its edge, doubtless from small glacier 

 lakes, cut on the slopes of the escarpment a pair of marginal 

 channels, converging on Smardale which was, if not produced, 

 at least deepened by the flow of water. This must have been 

 after the retreat of the Solway ice. Dr. Marr at one time was 

 inclined to attribute the Smardale Gorge to river capture, but 

 the hypothesis here proposed was, I believe, independently 

 suggested by Prof. W. M. Davis a year or two ago. 



Many other fascinating problems must engage the attention 

 of the glacialist in Edenside, one of the most attractive and 

 yet — or perhaps because — difficult is the question : — How did 

 the Stainmoor glacier meet its fate ? Did it dwindle on the 

 top of the Pass by failure of supplies from the west, or did its 

 lower end become detached froni the Tees glacier, of which it 

 was a feeder, and retreat back after the manner of a glacier 

 fed from a mountainous snowtield ? In the former case, it 

 would have a free upper end, as, though for a different reason, 

 some of the glaciers of Spitsbergen have. 



A beautiful terminal moraine at High Cup Gill will be seen. 

 It appears to have been formed, not by a glacier coming doivn 

 the valley, but by an ice-lobe pressing across a col on the north 

 side of the valley, and casting down its moraine on the opposing 

 slope. 



The menu here exhibited promises a satisfactory geological 

 repast to those who can afford time for the ' table d'hote,' 

 but even a single item ' a la carte ' might appease the appetites 

 of those who can spare but a single day. 



APPENDIX ON THE IGNEOUS ROCKS. 



ALFRED HARKEH, F.R.S. 



Edenside. 



The Diifton Rhyolites. — -Owing to repetition by faults, the 

 old acid lavas associated with the Coniston Limestone group 

 appear at three places in the Edenside inlier : Knock Pike, 

 Dufton Pike, and Gregory Hill. They are pale compact rocks 

 probably in part devitrified obsidians, and resemble generally 

 the corresponding rhyolites on the southern border of the 

 Lake District. As exposed in Swindale Beck, they show flow- 

 structure, and often enclose little fragments of andesite, giving 

 a deceptive appearance of a volcanic ash. 



Acid Intrusions. — There are several intrusive masses of 

 quartz-porphyry, etc., which are also to be referred probably 

 to a Lower Palaeozoic age. The most noteworthy is a small 

 boss of granite-porphyry on the west side of Dufton Pike. 



igiz April 1; 



