12 University of California Fuhlications in Zoology. [Vol.8 



as great as length of snout. Interorbital space a little less than 

 half as wide as diameter of eye. A narrow depression running 

 midway between the eyes from a point opposite the posterior 

 border of the eye to a depression behind the nasal spines. Upper 

 preopercular spine slightly over half as long as diameter of eye ; 

 trifid ; its upper two forks strong, its lower fork shorter, close to 

 middle fork, and little separated from it; upper fork directed 

 upwards and backwards; lower forks nearly straight backwards. 







Fig. 1. Orthonopias triads Starks and Mann. 



Second and third preopercular spines subequal, and not half so 

 long as first ; fourth spine short, at lower angle of preoperculum. 

 Nasal spines prominent ; sharp ; nearly as long as diameter of 

 pupil; reaching to a level with upper edge of pupil. Top of 

 head with cirri among the scales, one at each nostril; a line of 

 four extending backwards from each eye; one back of each eye 

 opposite the second of this line ; two at tip of maxillary ; two 

 at lower angle of preopercle ; one at angle of opercle. 



Fine ctenoid scales on interorbital space which become larger 

 and more separated on the occiput.. Snout and the space below 

 preopercular stay naked. Preopercle above level of upper spine, 

 and opercle with small ctenoid scales. Lateral line with a series 

 of 38 plate-like scales ; their upper posterior edges free and den- 

 tate. A naked area just above lateral line about as wide as lateral 

 line scales, and a similar narrow naked area at base of dorsal ; 

 between these two a band of rough scales 5 or 6 scales wide below 

 origin of soft dorsal counting vertically; counting the series 

 running down and back it is from 10 to 12 scales wide ; the band 



