216 Notes and Comments. 
papers on Moorlog by Messrs. Whitehead, Goodchild, and 
Stather, a note upon which has already appeared in these 
pages.* Dr. Munthe also adds some valuable observations 
of his own, a translation of which we have pleasure in giving 
for the benefit of English workers. 
PEAT FROM THE KATTEGAT. 
Dr. Munthe states :—‘ The submarine peat on and around 
the Dogger Bank causes one to think of the discoveries described 
by Mr. E. Erdmann, of large pieces of peat from the bottom of 
the Northern Kattegat, at a depth of 35°47 metres. A com- 
parison between the flora in this peat and that in the Moorlog 
shows, however, a remarkable dissimilarity, the former con- 
taining, among others, fragments of such southern species as 
oak, lime, and elm, while none of these species are recorded 
from the Moorlog, the latter probably being formed in a 
colder climate. The possibility still exists that remains of a 
part of the last-named species might be found in the Moorlog, 
as there has not been any extensive examination of the 
fragments.’ 
DATE OF KATTEGAT PEAT. 
‘Mr. Lagerheim considers that the Kattegat peat dates. 
from the Litorina period, or is possibly still more recent. 
According to my opinion there is nothing to contradict its: 
dating from the Ancylus period.* As regards the age of the 
North Sea peat referred to, this may be assumed to date from 
the end of the late Glacial period, or possibly from the be- 
ginning of the Ancylus period, and to practically the same 
period the underlying marine clay may be dated, the most 
southern shell which it contains ‘apparently being ARvssoa 
membranacea, which at the present time, according to Mr. 
G. O. Sars, does not extend further than to the west coast of 
Norway, There is also a possibility that the North Sea layers. 
are of inter-glacial age.’ 
FURTHER WORK NECESSARY. 
‘The fairly general existence of Moorlog on the bottom of 
the North Sea justifies the expectation that a more minute 
examination may result in the same peat layers being found. 
in the Northern Kattegat also, a matter which I hope, in the 
near future, to have an opportunity of clearing up. Anyway, 
it is very desirable that a geological examination of submarine 
parts of the seas in Northern Europe nearest from the English, 
German, Danish, Norwegian, and Swedish sides should be 
earnestly undertaken and carried out according to a common 
plan.’ 
* The Naturalist, 1912, pp. 138. 
| The !cwest Eed of the post-Glacial series.—ED. 
Naturalist,. 
