REVIEWS AND BOOK NOTICES. 
One and All Gardening, 1918. London: Agricultural and Horti- 
cultural Association. 128 pp., price twopence. In the eighteenth issue 
of this Annual Mr. Greening has an illustrated article on the movements 
for developing garden cities. Mr. J. H. Crabtree writes on the People’s 
Gardens, their betterment and educational value. Indoor Bulb Culture 
is explained and advocated by Mr. S. Leonard Bastin. Mr. Leslie Greening 
contributes a practical article on the Culture of Clay Gardens. Secrets 
of Garden Lichens is well illustrated by Mr. James Scott. Mr. G. H. 
Hollingsworth writes on Schoo! Gardening, the Hon. H. A. Stanhope 
contributes some further notes on the Rose, and Mr. Herbert Mace has 
an article on Bee-keeping past and present. 
Messmates. By E. Step. London: Hutchinson and Co., pp. xii.+ 
220. 6s. net. In this ‘ Book of Strange Companionships,’ Mr. Step 
has brought together a large number of the more remarkable instances of 
animal and plant associations for mutual benefit. He instances lichens, 
bacteria nodules on clover roots, the Buffalo and Buffalo birds, Fierasfer 
and Sea-cucumber, Pearl Oyster and Pontonia, Dor Beetle and Mites, 
the Ant’s nest Woodlouse, and several other instances where, in the opinion 
of the author, the associated species are living with each other for their 
joint benefit. With mere human eyes this may appear so, but could we 
hear the verdict of the organisations themselves, particularly the hosts, 
it might be quite another story. The book is w ritten in Mr. Step’s well- 
known style and will doubtless appeal to a wide public. 
Wild Flowers as They Grow. By ‘4. FE. Corke and C. G. Nuttall. 
Cassell and Co., t913. 5s. net. This is the fifth book of the series illus- 
trating wild flowers, ‘ photographed in colour direct from nature’ by -: 
Mr. Corke. The results on the whole are very satisfactory, and give 
faithful representations of the plants. Twenty-five species are illustrated 
and described, including the butterbur, corn cockle, dwarf thistle, toad- 
flax, lungwort, privet, snowflake, twayblade, ling, and yellow-rattle. 
-The text, by Mr. Nuttall, is clearly and simply written, and illustrated 
by somewhat crude but clear diagrams of the flower parts. In addition 
to a brief life-history, numerous common names are given, some old and 
curious, together with ancient plant lore, which will prove interesting to 
the reader. Sometimes botanical terms are used in a too ‘ popular’ 
sense, e.g., the ‘seed’ of the butterbur is said to carry ‘ the calyx-crown 
or pappus,’ fertilization is used for pollination, and the term ‘ bulb’ is 
applied indifferently to all thickened underground structures. 
A Hand-List of the Re of Great Britain, Ireland, and the Channel 
Islands. Compiled by A. R. Horwood. 42 pp., One Shilling net. Dulau 
& Co., Ltd., London. pases this Hand-List has been issued for 
the purpose of handy reference for the worker in field or laboratory. 
The nomenclature and order are said to practically follow the two parts 
of the Monograph of British Lichens published by the Trustees of the 
British Museum. The author, however, admits a re-arrangement of the 
genera, and especially of the species of Lecanora. The re-arrangement 
adopted is confusing, and detracts from the value of the List, and it 
certainly will not meet with universal approval by the Lichen student. 
It may be that Part I. of the Monograph of British Lichens is somewhat 
out of date, yet both this Part and Part II. of the same excellent work are 
known and used by British lichenologists. Among the omissions from 
the Hand-List we notice Parmelia conspersa Ach., f. tstdiata, which is 
included in Miss A. Lorrain Smith’s ‘ Lichenes of the Clare Island Survey ’ 
(Proceedings of Royal Irish Academy, Vol. XXXI., Part 14). 
Naturalist, 
