Haliclystus at Scarborough, 357 
for, movement shot out the gullet, or stomodzum, in an upward 
direction, just as some marine worms, under similar circum- 
stances, extrude their probosces as a protest against physic. 
The mouth was but the puckerings of an inverted muscular 
tube, which, when everted, ceased to be. Thus transformed 
it was a straight cylinder, exhibiting four longitudinal muscle 
bands, whose upper extremity, when brought into focus (Fig. 3), 
was-a circle divided into quadrants by two septa crossed at 
right angles. The length of this cylinder was equal to half 
the diameter of the expanded bell mouth. In the first issue of 
the Jersey Marine Journal (November, 1893), the late James 
Hornell had an illustrated article on Haliclystus in which he, a 
most careful student, erroneously assumed the mouth of: this 
animal to be square and fixed. It is not square but irregularly 
rugose, appearing more or less angular owing to four equidistant 
muscles pulling downwards from opposite points of insertion. 
Motility of mouth and eversion of stomodzum.are in accord 
with phenomena seen in actinozoa. 
Haliclystus octoradiatus is easily distinguished by the pre- 
sence of eight colleto-cystophores, which are non-existent in 
Lucernaria. The peculiar situation and shape of these organs 
are noteworthy. They are placed on the outer surface of the 
bell, just below, and in the centre of, the bay margins. Each 
penetrates its pedicle to the inner wall nearly at right angles to 
the tentacular processes. Seen from without (aboral, Fig. 1), 
the organ is a large oval, supporting a diminutive capitate 
tentacle. Viewed from within (oral, Fig. 2), it is globose with 
a projecting nipple. When the bell is fully closed, by the con- 
certed action ofall the tentacles, these eight colleto-cystophores 
assume the perpendicular, form a circular body-guard of 
sentinels, and, their short capitate nipples being charged with 
nematocysts, serve, presumably, to defend the organism 
against alien invasion while the general army of tentacles are 
otherwise engaged. To regard them as vestigial, like the human 
appendix, as some writers do, seems incredible -considering 
their size, equipment, and anatomical disposition. 
Genital bands in Haliclystus form eight separate rows 
occupying tentacular radii; in Lwucernaria they are in pairs 
situated in alternate bays. In Haliclystus the clusters of 
tentacles are spread out, whereas in Lucernaria they are close 
set claw-like tufts. 
———~> @___—__ 
Mr. S. L. Mosley, in one of the pages 1o of his monthly magazine, 
informs us that the Leeds Museum ‘ is overcrowded, largely due to the 
duplication of specimens. We noticed at least four Swallow-tailed Kites 
and half a dozen Snowy Owls. Such duplication is unnecessary in any 
public museum, and sets a bad example in the destruction of life.’ It 
would be interesting to hear Mr, Crowther’s opinion on the Sales Depart- 
ment of the Huddersfield Museum. 
1913 Oct. 1. Z 
