359 
THE KELLAWAYS.ROCK OF SOUTH CAVE, 
EAST YORKSHIRE. 
GEORGE SHEPPARD, F.G.S. 
THE Kellaways Rock of South Cave is essentially a ferruginous 
sandstone weathering to a rusty brown colour throughout the 
greater part of its development. Occasional lighter coloured 
patches occur at intervals, while a line of nodules (locally known 
as Doggers) occurs towards the base of the section. These are 
usually spheroidal in shape and are conspicuous features of 
the deposit as they weather out boldly from the adjoining 
parent rock. Fossils are numerous in the rock, but principally 
in the light-coloured patches. 
Casts of fossils are numerous throughout the softer rock 
and comprise Ostrea, Gryphoea, Pinna, etc. In the ‘ Doggers,’ 
A.—Ordinary type of Sandstone passing B.—Section through rock constituting a 
into a lighter patch (towards bottom Dogger. Small angular fragments of 
of field), quartz in close proximity set in a 
é : trix of calcite, which exhibits 
Loose grains of quartz in a ferruginous a : 2 p 
= a ‘lustre mottling.’ Under polarised 
(opaque) or calcareous matrix. ° light the mosaic of calcite can be 
Section through Brachiopod shell to- seen enveloping the quartz element 
wards the right. of the rock, 
however, organic traces are practically absent. From a 
petrological point of view there are three types of rock present 
in the Kellaways. First, the soft upper sandstone; second, 
the harder patches contained therein, and third, the Doggers. 
The predominant type (the soft sandstone) is a true ferru- 
ginous grit of a rusty brown colour. It crumbles easily, and is 
composed of medium sized sand grains (06 inch). Apparently 
the red oxide of iron is the cementing medium, but a certain 
proportion of carbonate of lime is always present and varies 
considerably in quantity as the rock"passes through its different 
stages. In the lighter patches, for example, the white colour 
itself is due to the presence of carbonate of lime which occurs 
almost to the exclusion of the ferric oxide. 
1913 Oct. 1. 
