242 YORKSHIRE NATURALISTS AT HARROGATE. 



replied to, the party invigorated again proceeded on their way, 

 passing through charming country lanes to Saltergate Hill, and then 

 to Four Lane Ends. The former hill is capped by the Cayton Gill 

 beds, and at both places there are quarries of the same ; but as the 

 one at Clint had been so well examined and time was so limited, it 

 was deemed advisable not to stay. 



At Four Lane Ends some of the party thought it best to hurry 

 direct to Harrogate, but the remainder resolved to carry out the 

 whole walk at first determined upon, passing over the Saltergate 

 Beck, which has carved its way through the intermediate shales. 

 An ascent was then made to the ridge north of Oak Beck, where 

 there is a section of the Follifoot Grit, the lowest of the Third Grits 

 in this district, and so named because it is so well exposed on the 

 edge of Follifoot Moor, south of the Crimple Valley. These grits 

 also crop out near Harrogate Gasworks, and it will be remembered 

 that on a former excursion they were noted at Bilton, where the thin 

 seams of coal occur. It may be stated here that the Plompton Grits, 

 the uppermost of the Third Grits, had already been noted by the 

 members during the day, but as these had been previously examined 

 in many other places, it was thought best to pass over them upon this 

 occasion. 



They now descended into the beautiful valley of the Oak Beck, 

 where, at the bridge, another halt was called to recline a little on the 

 fresh greensward and admire the fine wooded scenery of Birk Crag, 

 the joy of many an artist. Here, too, was some geology done, as an 

 opportunity was presented of viewing a section of the Kinderscout 

 Grit, the lowest of the Millstone Grits. These rocks dip sharply at 

 this place about 43 N.W. The Kinderscout Grit is now pretty well 

 known to the members from its characteristic pebbles of quartz 

 included, and generally coarse, massive appearance. They soon 

 passed over the great fault which forms the boundary of the Yore- 

 dales, and throws the Harrogate roadstone against the Kinderscout 

 Grit. They were shortly, too, on the axis of that famous anticlinal 

 which has attracted all geologists since the days of William Smith, 

 'the father of English geology.' This is the extreme end of the 

 anticlinal which stretches -across from Clitheroe and Skipton more 

 or less in an easterly direction. As the Government geologists 

 well say — ' The Kinderscouts are like a wall on each side of the 

 anticlinal, and afford a key to the whole structure of the neighbour- 

 hood.' As stated above, these rocks dip at Birk Crag about 

 43 N.W., but on the south side they dip to the Crimple Valley, that 

 is, in an opposite direction, or S.E., from 43 to 20 . These rocks 

 bend round to the fault, and at Starbeck dip to the east only about 



Naturalist, 



