SMITH : NOTES ON THE BIRDS OF CENTRAL RYEDALE. 329 



Garrulus glandarius (L.)- Jay. Resident and fairly numerous ; 



breeds in the surrounding woods, etc. 

 Pica rustica (Scop.). Magpie. Resident; less numerous than 



formerly ; breeds in the district. 

 Corvus monedula L. Jackdaw. Resident ; very numerous ; 



nests in the ruins of Helmsley Castle, Rievaulx and Byland 



Abbeys, and in some quarries in the district. 

 Corvus corone L. Carrion Crow. (Local name, Dowp). 



Resident; less numerous than formerly; nests in the surround- 

 ing woods. 

 Corvus cornix L. Hooded Crow. (Local name, Grey 



Crow). A regular winter visitor ; not numerous. 

 Corvus frugilegus L. Rook. (Local name, Crow). Resident; 



exceedingly numerous ; breeds in the district. 

 Alauda arvensis L. Sky Lark. Resident ; fairly numerous ; 



breeds regularly. 

 Alauda arborea L. Wood Lark. Resident, but not numerous. 

 Cypselus apus (L.). Swift. (Local name, Collier). A regular 



summer visitant ; less numerous than formerly. 

 Caprimulgus europaeus L. Nightjar. A regular summer 



visitant ; not numerous ; breeds in the district. 

 Dendrocopus major (L.). Great Spotted Woodpecker. 



Resident ; fairly numerous ; breeds regularly. 

 ^Dendrocopus minor (L.). Lesser Spotted Woodpecker. 



Resident, but very sparingly distributed. 

 Gecinus viridis (L.). Green Woodpecker. Resident ; 



numerous in some localities ; breeds regularly. 

 *Iynx torquilla L. Wryneck. Has been observed here, but 



is scarce now. 

 Alcedo ispida L. Kingfisher. Resident; generally but 



sparingly distributed ; breeds. 

 Cuculus canorus L. Cuckoo. A regular summer visitor ; 



not very numerous. 

 Strix flammea L. Barn Owl. (Local name, White Owl). 



Resident ; but, as with all the other Owls, etc., is far less 



numerous than formerly ; breeds. 

 Asio otus (L.). Long-eared Owl. (Local name, Horned 



Owl). Resident ; not so numerous as formerly ; breeds. 

 Asio accipitrinus Pall. Short-eared Owl. (Local name, 



Horned Owl). Occasionally to be met with in winter, but is 



now very rare. 



Nov. 1889. 



