232 Johns : On tlic /ni>ic/on (\irbonifcnnis Basement Beds. 



of the investii^jition. The writer however found it in situ at 

 Norber, 125 feet above the coiif^lomerates. The Foxholes 

 record is therefore probably an error. 



The new specimens enabled Dr. Vaug-han to confirm his 

 previous opinion that the beds corresponded to the C.^ and Sj^ 

 horizon. Now this is the point where Dr. Vaus^han had, on the 

 i^^rounds of a break in the faunal succession t in the Bristol area, 

 divided the beds into an upper or Kidwellian, and a lower or 

 Clevedonian series. But it also coincides with the assumed 

 unconformity and striking- cong^lomerate noted at Pendine, by 

 Mr. Strahan.| It is synchronous with the cong^Iomerate of 

 Rush, Co. Dublin, and is about the horizon of the g^reat 

 outpouring- ^ of larva at Weston. The Ing-leton beds are 

 therefore of more than passing- interest. The)" are indications 

 of that final collapse, in Mid Avonian time, of the pre- 

 carboniferous floor. The area we have been discussing- had long 

 resisted the gravitational stresses. The immense thickness of 

 the Old Red Sandstone and Carboniferous Limestone series up 

 to the top of the Syringothyris zone had been deposited in South 

 Wales and at Bristol before its final submerg-ence took place. 



F^ortunately there does not appear to be any doubt as to the 

 correctness of the correlation, for as Dr. Vaug-han points out, 

 not a single specimen of a form known to occur only in the 

 upper beds of the Carboniferous Limestone series was found in 

 the Ingleton beds. It will be necessary now to examine the 

 sections on Ingleboroug-h, and when the zonal divisions have 

 been made out, to carry them on into the neighbouring dales 

 and determine their relationship to the lithological divisions 

 which have been mapped. This is now being done. 



The writer desires to thank Dr. X'aughan for deterniining the 

 corals and brachiopods collected, and for establishing- the corre- 

 lation. He must also put on record his indebtedness to Mr. W. 

 Robinson, the divisional secretary of the Union, for his valuable 

 assistance in the field and intimate knowledge of the ground. 



Note — When introducing a discussion on inter-carboniferous 

 earth movements at the Leeds Meeting of the ^'orkshire 

 Geological Society, March 1905, the writer pointed out that 

 volcanic activity was characteristic of regional subsidence, and 

 cited the Weston lava flows, an-iong other examples. 



* Hardcastle ; J'nins. /.tU'(/s. (it'o/. .Assoc., part 5, p. ju. 



I f^ J. (•• S. 1005, p. 217 ami p. 2(14. 



H- Q- ./■ ^'- •^■^ ' ^iiiiiniaiy of I'loi^-icss," 1904, p. 44. 



S g.J.('.S, vol. Ix., p. 147. 



Naturalist, 



