Glacial Phenomena in the Neighhotirhood of Guisbrough. 269 



escarpment, viz., a large mound of diift on the icevvard side, 

 and with an abrupt rocky scarp (generally of the Sandy Series 

 of the Middle Lias) on the other. Similar extra-morainic 

 channels I have noted at Great Ayton, Ingleby, Carlton, and 

 Swainby. 



The whole of the vale of Guisbroug-h is covered with drift, 

 which must be of great thickness. An old sand pit on Windy 

 Hill, just north of Lowcross House, yielded Lower Lias Fossils, 

 Cheviot Porphyrites, Botryoidal Magnesian Limestone, a small 

 piece of Shap Granite, and a broken valve of Cyprina islandica, 

 all (except the Shap Granite) indicating an ice flow from the 

 north. 



On entering Cleveland the Cheviot Glacier must have 

 abutted directly on Eston Nab and practically surmounted it. 

 ' Among the areas comparatively free from drift, we may notice 

 the tops and steep northern faces of Eston and Upleatham 

 Hills. With the exception of the small point at Eston Nab, 

 occasional pebbles of foreign rocks show that a thin coat of 

 drift once existed here.'* Some striking overflows formed 

 during" the retreat of the ice on the Eston Outlier prove con- 

 clusively that the ice overs wept the whole hill which in pre-glacial 

 times must have stood 1000 feet above the plain ! The outlier 

 is divided into two branches by Moordale Beck, of which the 

 southern one, running from Osborne Rush to Park House, has 

 been trenched by overflows from the pent up waters of 

 Moordale. 



As the ice melted from the Guisbrough Valley its edge 

 reached in time the summit of the spur just mentioned. The 

 water flowing from its melting front initiated two channels. 

 The westerly one is near Normanby Intake Plantation, and 

 perhaps leads from the head of Moordale. Its intake level 

 is 625 feet, but it cuts through the 650 feet contour, a fact 

 which would seem to indicate that it originated in the way 

 described. 



The second is the grand gorge of Scugdale Slack, certainly 

 as fine a piece of glacial erosion as can be found in Cleveland. 

 It contains little or no stream, and the intake level is 523 feet, 

 cutting clean through the hill where it is about 50 feet deep. It 

 rapidly becomes deeper and steeper until where it emerges 

 into the Guisbrough Valley it is about 200 feet deep. From its 

 outflow a wide flat-floored trench in the drift can be seen 



* Barrow, ' Survey Memoir,' p. 66. 

 J906 August I. 



