324 Norlhc)-)! Xcivs. 



Bridge, in Ch;ipcl-lc-DaIc. Aloiii,*" the line of this faull are 

 several pot-holes, all of which ha\e their longer axes in the 

 direction of the fanlt. Sulber Pot, which is about 59 feet deep, 

 and Nick Pot, which receives an inflowini^- stream, and has 

 recently been explored to a depth of about 80 feet, exhibit no 

 direct evidences of faulting- ; but Mere Gill, on the other hand, 

 does. Mere Gill consists of a fissure about 80 yards long^, 

 which is bridged in three places by rock. As a rule this fissure 

 is filled with water to within 30 feet of the surface ; in times of 

 normal rainfall the water escapes through a tunnel below the 

 water level which leads in a southerly direction (away from the 

 valley) ; it then makes two vertical descents of 80 feet each 

 and turns northwards to emerge in the valley near God's 

 Bridge in the direct line of the fault. On the limestone, which 

 is usually covered by the stream falling into the pot, are crystals 

 of calcite. These are very much water-worn, but clearl\- 

 indicate the existence of a fault. 



Gaping Gill consists of a vertical shaft, 365 feet deep, into 

 which the waters of Fell Beck fall. At a depth of about 190 

 feet is a ledge some 12 feet wide : at this point a fault is very 

 clearly to be seen ; the fault has a downthrow of six feet to the 

 south. The shape of practicalh' all the pot-holes is a further 

 indication that they have been formed as a result of faults : they 

 are all much longer than they are wide and thin out at each end 

 into a narrow- crack. It is also a noticeable fact that they 

 occur in groups and in such positions that it would have been 

 impossible for a stream to form more than one out of several. 



It is a matter of coiigraliilation to the \'oikshiii' Naturalists lo tiuci tiial 

 the only 'natural iiistory' pajier recommLMulctl b\- the British Association to 

 be printed in exttniso in its report, is tiiat by Mr. (i. T. I'orritt, F.L.S., F.E.S., 

 entitled ' Melanism in Lepidoiitera," of which we t;ive a leng-thy notice in 

 another column. 



Eleven ' jcra%el catchers' were recently find at the Hull Police Court for 

 removing j^'ravel and sand from the beach at Hornsea. In the evidence it 

 was stated that the g^ravel 'produced 2d. ])er ton, and it had been oslimated 

 that some landowners fiad made as much as ;£^iooo a year out of it.' 

 Stranj^ely enough, if the men had jifone a little Anther north, to Atwick, 

 they could have taken as much ij^iavel as they liked without let or hindrance. 



There has been deposited at Barnard Castle a draft Scheme for enlarg-inef 

 the powers of the trustees of the Bowes Museum, by enabliniif them to pur- 

 chase objects of artistic, scientific, antiquarian, or local interest. Tiie 

 scheme has been formulated by the Charity Commissioners, and has been 

 formallv approvi-d b\- the L'rban District C'onncil. No objection has been 

 entered aj^ainst the proposals contained in the draft, and it is announced 

 that one of tiie first purchases under the extended powers, will be the 

 valuable collection of preserved birds and animals left by tlie late Mr. 

 Kobert Carter, taxidermist, of liarnard Castle. 



Naturalist, 



