Northern Neivs. 357 



to the production of artificial pseudoinorphs, especially including^ 

 those in which carbonate of lime is replaced by carbonate of 

 iron. Crystals of calcite or portions of Iceland spar were sealed 

 up in tubes with a neutral solution of iron protochloride and 

 heated to various temperatures. Kept for a few weeks in the 

 boiler of a high pressure steam eng-ine, at a temperature some- 

 what under 300° F. replacement was somewhat rapid, and 

 pseudomorphs were formed as hard as any similar natural pro- 

 duct. Kept much longer in a boiler at a temperature varying 

 up to 212'' F. the replacement was slower, and the pseudomorphs 

 much more tender. I sealed up a piece of Iceland spar in a 

 glass tube so full of the chloride that there was a mere trace of 

 air left, and after keeping for a few years the replacement was 

 so small that I came to the conclusion that it did not take place 

 at the ordinary temperature, but on re-examining after thirty- 

 six years, though the amount of replacement was small, there 

 could be no doubt about its having occurred. This shows the 

 importance of such long-continued experiments, and proves 

 that the changes met with in the Cleveland ironstone may have 

 taken place at the ordinary temperature of the rocks. 



On making a microscopical section of one of the pseu- 

 domorphs, it was seen to have the same sort of structure as 

 that seen in the partially changed shells in the ironstone. 



A paper on Yorkshire Lake Dwellings by Mr. T. Sheppard appears in 

 ' Yorkshire Notes and Queries ' (Vol. 3, No. 4). 



The Geologists' Association has received a grant of £^^0 from the Royal 

 Society towards the cost of publishing Dr. Rowe's papers on the Chalk of 

 England. 



' A Revised Key to Hepatics of the British Isles,' by Symers M. 

 Macvicar, has been issued by V. T. Sumfield, Station Street, Eastbourne, 

 for gd. This should be useful to students of the Liverworts. 



The report and proceedings of the Manchester Field Naturalists' and 

 Archaeologists' Society for 1905, recently issued, is an improvement upon 

 previous reports, but still leaves much to be desired. Advertisements for 

 millinery, furniture, etc., should not adorn its pages. 



In The Entomologist (volume 39, No. 515) Mr. Richard South has some 

 ' Notes on some forms oi Aplecta nebulosa in Britain.' These are illustrated 

 by a fine plate showing the extensive colour range of variation to which the 

 species is subject in Britain. Most of the examples figured are from 

 Delamere Forest, Cheshire. 



As his presidential address to the Museums" Association, Dr. W. E. Hoyle, 

 of the Manchester Museum, took for his subject ' The Education of a 

 Curator.' This address is printed in a recent issue of the Museums' 

 Journal, from which we learn that amongst many accomplishments a 

 curator ' should be an unscrupulous and shameless beggar ! ' Dr. Hoyle's 

 address has been reprinted as ' Notes from the Manchester Museum" No. 

 21 " (publication 60), price sixpence. 



1906 October i. 



