80 PALEONTOLOGY OF NEW JERSEY. 
TURBINELLID. 
Genus TURBINELLA Lamarck. 
TURBINELLA ? PARVA, 
Plate 1x, Figs. 4-6. 
Turbinella parva Gabb: Proc. Acad, Nat. Sci., Phila., 1860, p. 94, Pl 1, Fig. 3; 
Synopsis, p. 86; Meek, Check List Cret. and Jur. Foss., p. 21; Geol. Surv. 
New Jersey, 1868, p. 730. 
Shell, as known from the type specimen, the only individual cast seen, 
is quite small, measuring scarcely more than half an inch in height by 
about five-eighths of an inch in transverse diameter, but is evidently either 
young or only the inner portions of a much larger specimen; form turbi- 
nate, rapaform, being largest near the top of the volution and rapidly 
attenuated below; spire very low, not flat; volutions not more than three 
in the specimen (the inner one and a half of those destroyed), flattened or 
nearly so on the upper surface; aperture very large, proportionally higher 
than wide and oblique; columella strong, marked by three distinct plica- 
tions or folds, the two upper ones a little above the lower third of the 
aperture, equal in strength and near together; the other one below, larger 
and more distant but not so sharply defined as those above; volutions 
marked by sinuous vertical folds of considerable strength, indicated on the 
top of the volution, but more strongly marked on the periphery and below, 
being strongly bent backward in crossing the largest part of the whorl. 
The generic relations of this solitary cast are obscure or rather compli- 
cated. It has the general form of a Pyropsis, and the columellar folds of a 
Turbinella, while the surface undulations differ from species of either of 
those genera. It is very evident to the observer that it is either very young 
in growth, or a cast of only the inner portion of a shell, the outer part not 
having been filled with sediment before being dissolved and removed by 
the action of the water or other agent. However, the surface markings 
and columellar folds, together with the form of the volution, will determine 
its identity very readily when found, and they certainly characterize it as a 
valid species, if not an undescribed genus, 
