140 PALEONTOLOGY OF NEW JERSEY. 
SCALARIA HERCULES, n. sp. 
Plate xvi, Fig. 12. 
Shell of large size, robust in proportions, number of volutions unknown 
but compact, comparatively short, not very ventricose and closely united 
at the suture lines; apical angle 20° to 25°, giving a rather elongated spire; 
volutions crossed by from twelve to fourteen very strong vertical varices, 
which form thick rounded ribs, rather closely arranged, and each marked 
by two rounded tubercles, one just below the upper suture line and the 
other near the lower suture line; also a central line of smaller ridge-like 
nodes intermediate between the other two, apparent on the last volution, 
marking the position of a spiral carina on the center of the volution, while 
other spiral carinze cross the upper and lower lines of nodes, and on the 
base of the last volution the usual carina surrounding the umbilicus is also 
marked by a thickening of the vertical ribs, but without forming distinct 
ribs; form of aperture and intermediate surface structure undetermined. 
This species seems to be a true Scalaria and has been one of the largest 
and most robust of its kind. The vertical ridges are, however, rounded, 
thickened ribs, and not simply varical lips, as in very many of the recent 
forms; as the varix has been filled to a solid rib before the growth of 
the shell beyond it had progressed. The number of these varices also 
varies somewhat on the different volutions, especially between the body 
whorl and the one preceding it, as they are doubled in some places on the 
former. On a second specimen the surface of the shell appears to have 
been marked by closely arranged spiral lines which cross the varices, but 
as both specimens used are gutta-percha casts from natural molds which are 
very imperfect, these features are not as distinctly seen as would be 
desirable. The larger individual must have been 4 or 44 inches in length 
when perfect, with a diameter of fully 14 inches of the body volution. 
I know of no other species to which this can be said to be closely 
related. 
Formation and locality: Both individuals are known from the matrix 
only, in a hard ferruginous sandstone nedule, bearing impressions of Cypri- 
meria depressa, Leiopistha protexta, and other known lower marl fossils. 
