41 



with a similar misalignment of opposite segments, but only affecting 

 two or three segments in the region of the umbilical vesicle. In the 

 "Tijdschrift Ent.," vol. xliii, p. 24, a beetle {Steiwconts fasciatus) is 

 figured by Richard Scholz, which is probably an example of the 

 same condition. 



I have a pupa of Hastula /lyerana that is possibly of the same 

 origin, or it may be the result of some injury to the dorsum of the 

 larva at this special point (PI. I, fiig. 4). 



The specimen of Prionus californicus^ described and figured 

 "Trans. Amer, Ent. Soc," 1880, with all legs and three palpi bifid, 

 must unquestionably also be the result of some peculiarity of the 

 germ-plasm in the earlier embryonic stage. 



A longicorn, with two duplicated legs, was exhibited at the 

 Entomological Society of France by M. H. Donckier on May 8th, 

 1901, believed to be tb.e only instance of two legs being so affected 

 in one specimen. 



Two legs being affected in the same individual is extremely rare ; I 

 have not found the record of any other besides the two mentioned by 

 Bateson, the Priofuis californicus above noted and a Prionus coriarius ; 

 in the latter case the duplication was identical in each limb ; this, with 

 the fact that all three cases are in longicorns, suggests a congenital 

 origin rather than a regenerative one. One supposes, but it is not 

 stated, that in M. Donckier's specimen the two limbs had identical 

 forms. 



There are various instances of Lepidoptera with irregularly formed 

 wings that are unquestionably congenital, and even in some degree 

 hereditary. Some of these cases might, no doubt, be fairly regarded 

 as examples of " mutation," or at least of a distinct tendency to set 

 up a new race by "discontinuous variation." One of the most 

 remarkable of these is that of Ly77iant?-ia dispar. The first record of 

 this curious hereditary malformation that I can find is in the 

 "Entomologist," vol. xi, 1878, p. 170, accompanied by a figure; it 

 says: "Mr. Enock bred, in the year 1S67, upwards of 800 males 

 and females of this species, and nearly all had the underwings 

 notched, as seen in the illustration." The figure shows a large 

 section of the hind wings wanting ; the notch extends from the 

 costa near its end to near the end of the discal cell and then meets 

 the hind margin about its middle ; it is rounded, but merits the 

 term " notch," there being rather an angle at its deepest point. Mr. 

 Enock tells me that the race had been " bred in for years, but I 

 never before had any with the corners out of the wings ; I asked the 

 donor of the eggs, who had bred dispar for at least ten years, if he 

 had ever had such a deformed lot ? He replied, ' Never.' " 



The next appearance of this form that I can trace was in the 

 hands of iNIr. R. Adkin, who writes : " Eight pupa; were given to me in 

 July, 1876, by Mr. Bliss (since dead), and from these I reared moths, 

 which I believe were not crippled, and from their eggs I reared 

 about ninety moths in the following year, and the note I have 



