360 REPORTS ON THE STATE OF SCIENCE. 
as a low degree of industriousness, and may be expressed by putting the 
letter # after the corresponding number on the card. 
Many of the words in popular usage express characters which are 
extremely complex resultants of a number of more elementary characters 
(e.g., intelligence) ; such words have been avoided as far as possible, and 
the characters named below have been chosen as being relatively simple 
and elementary. 
List or MenraL CHARACTERS. 
1. Power of ‘observation’ or sense-perception, 
(a) Accuracy. 
(6) Fulness (.e., degree to which attention is habitually given 
to objects of the outer world rather than to reflection and 
imagination). 
2, ‘Quickness’ of apprehension in general. 
3. Scope of apprehension (7.e., capacity for apprehending complex 
relations and multiplicity of detail). 
4. Intensity of application to mental tasks (7.c., power of ‘concentra- 
tion’ of attention ; this may be taken to be inversely as the readiness 
with which attention is distracted from the task in hand by irrelevant 
objects and impressions). 
(a) Spontaneous or non-voluntary. 
(6) In virtue of effort of will. 
5, Capacity for sustained application (7.¢., for sustaining and repeating 
concentration of attention upon given task=‘ perseverance ’). 
(a) Spontaneous. 
(6) In virtue of effort of will. 
6. Natural or spontaneous ‘interests’ (7.¢., interests in objects or 
topics for their own sake, not indirectly acquired by special training or 
through such influences as emulation or systematic reward and punish- 
ment). 
(a) Intensity. 
(6) Variety or width of field of interests. 
(c) Persistency of interests in particular topics and objects. 
7. Native ‘retentiveness’ of memory as expressed, e.g., by accurate 
reproduction of matter committed to memory by rote learning or by capacity 
for describing objects or events of no special interest previously observed. 
(a) Immediate, 2.¢., as revealed after brief interval of few 
minutes only. 
(>) Continued, 7.¢., as revealed after interval of twenty-four 
hours or more. 
8. Systematic memory (i.e., retention of facts in virtue of the appre- 
hension of their connection with topics of special interest to the 
individual, or because systematically related with one another). 
9. Selective memory—exceptional retentiveness for certain classes of 
impressions, or for facts about certain subjects. 
10. Vividness and detailed accuracy of representative imagination 
(v.e., power of recalling past sense-impressions in corresponding imagery). 
