538 TRANSACTIONS OF SECTION D. 
a phenomenon of the same kind. When we can explain how stimulation applied 
to a nerve causes contraction in a muscle, then, and not till then (so far as I can 
see), shall we be within reasonable distance of explaining the action of these living 
lamps. ; 
ie point is worthy of notice which has been ascertained, not by experiments 
on the Cephalopoda, but on other animals, namely, the remarkable economy of 
this illuminant. A perfectly infinitesimal proportion of the energy expended is 
wasted on the production of heat. From this point of view animal phosphores- 
cence puts to shame our most modern devices. Whether we shall ever be able 
to rival Nature in this respect remains to be seen. 
We have thus shown how rapid has been the growth of our knowledge 
regarding the distribution and structure of these fascinating organs, and yet how 
little we have learned of the mode of their operation, and we end, as all scientific 
inquiries end when pursued far enough, with a confession of ignorance. 
What I have ventured to lay before you are a few of the fruits of the little 
garden plot in whose culture I have been privileged to take a humble share. If it 
has appeared to you that the labour spent upon their production by a few 
enthusiastic workers has been well expended ; if they show that in this, as in any 
other group of animals, the study of small details conscientiously carried out leads 
to problems of the deepest interest, my object in the preparation of this Address 
will have been fully achieved. 
List of References. 
(1) APPELLOF, A. . Cephalopoden von Ternate. ‘Abb. Senckenberg. Ges.,’ 
xxiy., pp. 561-640, 3 pl., 1898. 
(2) Brook, J. - . Anat. u. Syst.d. Cephalopoden, ‘Z. wiss. Zool.,’ xxxvi., 
, pp. 543-610, 4 pl., 1882. 
(3) Ip. : : . Mannchen d. Sepioloidea linedata. ‘ Op. cit.,’ xl., pp. 105- 
120, 1884. 
(4) Cuuy, C. : . A.d Tiefen d. Weltmeeres. Jena, 1902. 
(5) Ib. . : . Leuchtorgane u. Augen vy. Tiefsee-Cephalopoden. ‘Verh. 
Deutsch. Zool. Ges.,’ xiii. (Wtirzburg), pp. 67-91, 1903. 
(6) Ib. - : . [Mannchen von Pterygioteuthis] ‘Op. cit.,’ xiv. (Tiibingen), 
p. 243, 1904. 
(7) Ip. : : . Geschlechtsverhaltn. d. Cephalopoden. ‘Zool. Anz.,’ xxix., 
pp. 25-36, 1906. 
(8) Ib. ; : . Syst d. Crauchien. ‘Op. cit.,’ xxxi., pp. 82-86, 1906. 
(9) CLARKE, J. M. . Rem. occurr. Onthoceras Onconta beds. ‘ Bull. N.Y. State 
Mus.,’ viii., No. 39, pp. 167-171, 4 pl, 1900. 
(10) CLaus, C. : . Hectocotylenbildung d. Cephalopoden. ‘Arch. f. Nat.,’ 
XXiv., pp. 257-263, pl. 10, 1858. 
(11) Fiscupr, H., and Céphalopodes. Expéd. scient. ‘Travailleur’ et ‘ Talis- 
L. JOUBIN man,’ Viii., pp. 313-353, 4 pl., 1907. 
(12) Hoyuz, W. E. . Note Brit.Ceph. ‘Journ. Mar. Biol. Assoc.,’n.s, ii., p. 189, 
1891. 
(18) Ip. c : . Luminous organs of Cephalopoda. ‘Rep. Brit Assoc.,’ 
lxiii. (Nottingham), pp. 802-3, 1894. ‘ Verh. Deutsch. 
Zool. Ges.,’ iii. (G6ttingen), p. 88, 1894. 
(14) Ib. - - . Luminous organs of Pterygioteuthis margaritifera, ‘ Mem. 
Manchester Soc.,’ xlvi., 14 pp., 1902. 
(15) Ib. : 3 - Rep. Cephalopoda. ‘Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool.,’ xliii., pp. 
1-71, 12 pl., 1904. 
(16) Ib. - : - Cephalopoda. ‘Fauna & Geogr. Maldive & Laccadive 
Archip.,’ ii., suppl. 1, pp. 975-988, 1 pl., 1905. 
(17) Huxtery, T.H.,and Rep. Spirula. ‘“ Challenger” Reports,’ Appendix to Sum- 
P, PELESENEER mary, 52 pp., 6 pl., 1895. 
(18) JAEKEL, O. . . Kriechspur v. Acanthoteuthis, ‘Z. deutsch. Geol. Ges.,’ li., 
Protoc., pp. 34-37, 1899. 
(19) Ib. 3 ; . Organisation u. Lebensweise ausgestorb. Cephalopden, 
‘Op. cit.,’ liv., pp. 67-101, 1902. 
