TRANSACTIONS OF SECTION H. 641 
- the rims of which are broadened into a flange and are often ornamented with 
impressed or incised patterns. Applied ornament and practicable handles have 
been added in some instances, though in most specimens the handles are so 
degenerate as to be ornamental rather than useful. 
3. The Anthropological Field in the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan. 
By J. W. Crowroor, 
The dervish rule, which worked havoc in the Northern Sudan, left the pagan 
black zone to the south almost untouched. In the Bahr-el-Ghazel region anthropo- 
logists will therefore be able to work directly upon the foundations laid by 
Schweinfurth and Junker; north of this, in Dar Nuba, they will find a virgin field 
which, though difficult to work, may yield most valuable historical results. To 
the east lies another district unknown until this year—-the land of the Buruns. 
In the Northern, or Muslim, Sudan the dervish period has completely changed 
the conditions. Whole tribes have been devastated, or transplanted, or mixed 
with black slaves or Egyptian prisoners, and written records of the past have been 
destroyed. The three main language groups—Nubian, Bega, and Arabic—how- 
ever, remain, and scientific controversy has hitherto turned upon the origin of the 
people using them, the most recent conclusion being that all are African in spite 
of their traditions. Similar debates were raised both in the Medizval and Roman 
periods, and the two facts of survival and invasion appear to be both established : 
the issue is one of degree how tar the invaders have modified their predecessors. 
If we apply Professor Petrie’s views upon migrations, as set forth in his 
Huxley Lecture,t we may state the problem thus: We should expect to find 
three main types—a sedentary riverain type, a sedentary maritime type, and a 
nomad desert type, with varieties according to latitude, variants from each being 
classified as recent immigrants. The solution of this problem should present no 
more difficulties than the solution of similar problems in Europe, for the country 
is healthy and the people are amenable and ready to communicate their traditions 
and pedigrees. 
As special fields in which to study the plasticity of the various types and open 
problems of medizval history, which must be settled before ancient history can be 
approached, I suggest the following :— 
(a) The sedentary Ababde at Daraw and in Berber. 
Pa (6) The families claiming Arab and Turkish origin in the district south of 
alfa. 
(c) Villages in the Shabluka cataract and on the Blue Nile claiming descent 
from the Anag, a medizeval people which held the Central Sudan before the last 
Muslim invasions. 
(d) The tumuli in the Bega district from Suakin to the Atbara and the Nile. 
When these questions have been discussed with new material, we may be able 
to deal with the problems raised by the exploration of Nubian temples and sites 
that is now beginning, 
4. Notes on the Wild Tribes of the Ulu Plus, Perak.? 
By ¥. W. Knocker. 
This paper gave preliminary anthropological results of research work amongst 
the aborigines inhabiting the valley of the Plus in the British protected State of 
Perak, in the Malay Peninsula, pending further inquiries to be carried out ata 
future date. After referring to the difficulties of carrying out an expedition in the 
remote parts of a tropical jungle, the author called attention to the problem sur- 
rounding the wild tribes of the Ulu Plus, commented on the probability of a mixed 
1 Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute, xxxvi. 1906, p. 36. 
2 To be published in full in Jowrnal of the Royal Anthropological Institute. 
1907. a 
