298 REPORTS ON THE STATE OF SCIENCE. 
degree of respiratory obstruction. We feel it necessary to report the 
result, although it contradicted our anticipation ; the fact admitted of no 
doubt, whatever its explanation may be. The chloroform was of known 
identical percentage inspired from freshly filled bags of gold-beater’s skin, 
and all other conditions of experiment except that of obstructed respira- 
tion were unaltered. 
§ 8. The determination of the amount of chloroform in the blood of 
animals and of the human subject under various conditions of anesthesia 
has been undertaken by Dr. Buckmaster and Mr. Gardner. 
The results of a large number of determinations can be briefly sum- 
marised as follows: The amount of chloroform found in the blood during 
full chloroform anesthesia was between 0:020 and 0°030 gramme per 
100 grammes (by volume of vapour approximately 4 to 6 c.c. per 100). 
The amount of chloroform found in the blood immediately after death 
by excess of chloroform was between 0'040 and 0:070 gramme. 
§ 9. General Conclusion.—The Committee believe that the results so 
far obtained are of a nature that calls for the prosecution of the inquiry. 
The directions in which the Committee desire to proceed are: The 
further study (1) of the influence of obstructed respiration upon the course 
of anesthesia, (2) of the physiological and clinical characteristics of mixed 
aneesthesia, and (3) of the physiological effects of local anesthetics, such 
as cocain and allied substances. 
APPENDIX IT. 
Report upon the Routine Use, by the Open Method, of a Mizture of 
Chloroform and Ether. 
By Dr. F. W. Hewitt, M.V.O., and Dr. J. Buumrep, B.A. 
1. The Anesthetic. 
The mixture is made of chloroform 2 parts by volume and ether 3 parts 
by volume. In hospital cases Duncan and Flockhart’s methylated (red 
label) chloroform and Huskissen’s ‘ pure methylated ’ ether were used 
to make the mixture. A similar mixture was usually employed in private 
practice, though in certain cases one with ethyl-alcohol constituents was 
used for purposes of comparison. 
2. The Method of Use and Apparatus employed. 
The mask employed (fig. 1) is essentially a Skinner’s mask, and 
consists of a wire frame over which is stretched a single layer of thin 
flannel. The mask thus formed presents an oval opening 5 inches by 
3 inches, and is capable of close adaptation to the face. The vault of the 
mask is high enough not to touch the nose when its rim rests upon the 
face. The size of the mask and the material with which it is covered are 
important details. It is found, for instance, that if two layers of the thin 
flannel are used instead of one an equal quantity of anesthetic produces 
different effects in the two cases. The small tube passing through the 
middle of the stretched flannel is only of use when oxygen is required. 
A mask of the same dimnsions, but with a guttered rim, a handle, and 
no oxygen tube, has generally been used by one of us (J. B.). In using 
the mixture a gradual process is followed. The mask is applied to the face, 
and, after a few breaths, the mixture is added, a few ai Gok ab wo time. 
