CLART ISLAND. 821 
Clare Island.—lteport of the Committee, consisting of Prolessor 
T. Jonnson (Chairman), Mr. R. Lioyp Prancsr (Secretary), 
Professor GRENVILLE CoLe, Dr. ScHarrr, and Mr. A. G. 
TANSLEY, appointed to arrange a Botanical, Zoological, and 
Geological Survey of Clare Island. 
Work was begun at Easter 1909 when a party cf nine members visited 
the island and the adjoining mainland, remaining for periods varying 
from five to nine days. Zoological, botanical, and geological work was 
carried out, special attention being given to land and fresh-water 
mollusca and to marine alge. On May 15 a party of four proceeded 
to the island; birds, worms, and Muscinee in particular being studied. 
They remained at work in the district for from one to three weeks. On 
June 8 a party of nine went to the island. The fresh-water fauna of 
the island and district (Crustacea, Rotifera, Hydrachnida, &c.) in par- 
ticular was studied. Good collections of insects were also made. In 
addition to these organised parties, several other workers have been 
sent down separately, mosses, hepatics, and lichens in particular being 
collected. During July two parties, numbering in all fourteen persons, 
have been arranged for, and much collecting and observation will be 
carried out. In August a party of about fifteen will go down, and in 
September another party. 
The greater part of the material collected has not yet, of course, 
been worked out; but some interesting plants and animals have been 
already recognised, including a number hitherto unknown in Ireland. 
Mental and Physical Factors involved in Hducation.—Interim 
Report of the Committee, consisting of Professor J. J. Finp- 
LAY (Chairman), Professor J. A. GREEN (Secretary), Pro- 
fessors J. ADAMS and K\. P. CuULVERWELL, Mr. G. F. DANIELL, 
Miss B. Foxnry, Professor R. A. Grecory, Dr. C. W. 
JtimMins, Miss Masor, Der ia. Nom, Dr SPHARMAN, Miss 
L. Epna WADTER, and Dr. F. WARNER. 
Sir E. Brasroox, Mr. T. Loveday, Dr. Slaughter, Mr. Bompas Smith, 
and Mr. Twentyman have been co-opted upon the Committee. 
The Committee have during the year been engaged in a preliminary 
inquiry as to the nature of the work that is at present being carried on, 
and as to the chief centres of activity. 
The problems of education and instruction have been the subject of 
experimental inquiry of a sporadic kind during the whole of the nine- 
teenth century, beginning with the work of Pestalozzi in Switzerland, 
who, in spite of defective equipment as a psychologist, endeavoured to lay 
the foundations of educational practice upon established facts of mind. 
He aimed at the discovery of formule, psycho-physical laws, as he called 
them, upon the basis of which text-books of instruction might be written ; 
1909, ¥ 
