TRANSACTIONS OF SECTION E. 537 
4. The Progress of the Magnetic Survey of the Carnegie Institution of 
Washington. By L. A. Bavgr. 
Since April 1, 1904, when the Department of Research in Terrestrial 
Magnetism was established by the Trustees of the Carnegie Institution of 
Washington, a general magnetic survey of the globe, in which various 
civilised countries are taking part, has been in steady progress, in addition 
to the work of the said Department which confines its operations chiefly to 
the oceans and unexplored countries. It is expected that the general survey 
will be completed at about the close of the next decade. 
This paper gave an account of the work accomplished by the Carnegie 
Institution of Washington during the past five years—-one-third of the 
estimated period of the survey. The three magnetic elements (declination, 
dip, and intensity) have been determined at some 900 land stations, 
distributed over the following countries: Greenland, British North 
America, Mexico, Central America, Venezuela, the Guianas, Columbia, 
Ecuador, West Indies, Windward and Leeward Islands, various archi- 
pelagos in the Pacific Ocean, China, Persia, Asia Minor, Asiatic Russia, 
Africa, and Europe. 
Furthermore, during 1905-8 there was executed a general magnetic 
survey of the. Pacific Ocean in a chartered vessel called the Galilee, 
the aggregate length of the cruises being about 60,000 nautical miles, 
along which the three magnetic elements were again determined. In some 
places in the Pacific Ocean it was found that the existing magnetic charts 
gave declinations as much as 3°, and occasionally somewhat more, in error. 
There has just been completed the non-magnetic vessel Carnegie, 
specially adapted for ocean magnetic surveys. She began her first cruise 
on Saturday, August 21, bound for St. John’s, Newfoundland, and Hudson 
Straits. Upon return to St. John’s the Carnegie will set sail, about 
October 15, for Falmouth, England, and then proceed back to Brooklyn, 
New York, via Madeira and Bermuda. 
With the friendly and effective co-operation of the countries in which 
organisations exist for magnetic work we thus have ample assurance that 
a general magnetic survey of the earth will be completed within the stated 
time. 
"5. The Eastern (Tunisian) Atlas Mountains: their Main Structural and 
Morphological Features. By M. M. Autorce. 
This paper was the result of an excursion across the Tunisian Mountains 
undertaken last EKaster in company with Professor Vélain and M. Pervin- 
quiere. This area may be divided into the following natural regions :— 
(a) Fragments of the Ancient Land of Tyrrhenis. 
Along the coast of Algeria and off the coast of Tunis in the islets of 
Galita we find the remains of very ancient formations, granite, gneisses, 
and crystalline schists, similar to those which exist to a greater extent 
in the islands of Sardinia, Corsica, and Elba. These are probable indica- 
tions that we are here in the presence of the southern boundary of the 
ancient land of Tyrrhenis, now sunk beneath the waters of the Mediter- 
ranean. 
(b) The Sandstone Mountains of Khroumirie. 
This range, together with the mountains of the Apennines and of Sicily, 
forms a part of the Tertiary system of mountains surrounding the old 
Tyrrhenis. The main ranges of Khroumirie trending from the south-west 
to the north-east are apparently a continuation of the Saharian Atlas, 
