292 REPORTS ON THE STATE OF SCIENCE. 



Bull— 



A low ridge with gentle and gradual rise and even outline. 



Dam — 



Reservoir or pond. 

 Dans — 



A broad shallow valley, e.g., Leeuwen Dans. 



Donga — • 



A small ravine or wash-out caused by floods in soft ground. 

 A gulley or dry water-course with steep sides, synonymous with the Eastern 

 terms waddij and uuIlaJt. 



Draai — ■ 



A bend or turn (of a river or range). 



Drift— 



A ford or crossing of a river. 



Didn, plural duien — 

 A sand dune. 



Dwala — 



A native term used in Rhodesia for a bare rounded knoll or ridge of rock. 



Eiland— 



Island, e.g., Paarden Eiland. 



Fontein — 



A spring. Much used in place-names., e.g., Bloemfontein, Wonderfontein, &;c. 



Gat— 



A hole, e.g., Wonder-gat, a term applied to a sink-hole in limestone formation. 

 Cyfergat, a spot from which water trickles ; a ' soak.' 



Gouph (pronounced ' Coop ') — 



A Bu.=bman word, meaning ' as dry as can be,' applied to a portion of the Western 

 Karroo. 



Ihuvel — 



A height or elevation, generally of small magnitude, e.g., Klipheuvcl. 



Iloek — 



(i) The area enclosed by a bend in a river. 



(ii) The upper end of a valley shut in by mountains. 



llolte— 



A hollow or depression. 



Hoogte — 



A height or elevation generally of greater magnitude than a ' heuvel.' 



Karroo — 



A Bushman word Kdru, or Gdru, meaning ' dry as a bone,' applied to country like 

 the central portion of Cape Colony (geologically or botanically). 



Kmtrd (literally Castle)-- 



A high peak or ridge, e.g., Riebeck's Kastrel. 



